【作者】 李明艳；

【导师】 王永军；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 动物遗传育种与繁殖， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 EM是一种微生物菌剂,具有促进畜禽生长,增强免疫能力,提高生产性能,消除粪便臭味等功能。此外它还可以改善蛋类品质,降低鸡蛋中的胆固醇。为了探索在青海地区高寒环境条件下EM发酵饲料饲喂商品蛋鸡的效果,试验选用28周龄新罗曼鸡300只,随机分为三组,其中对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1组、试验2组分别饲喂25%EM发酵饲料+75%基础日粮和50%EM发酵饲料+50%基础日粮组成的试验日粮,进行为期38天的饲养试验(预试期8天,正试期30天),研究日粮中添加EM发酵饲料对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质、血液理化指标及鸡舍空气质量指标的影响,以期为高寒环境条件下EM发酵饲料饲喂蛋鸡的效果评价提供基础研究资料。试验结果如下：(1)与对照组比较,试验1组、2组总产蛋量分别提高11.23%和9.54%,效果明显；产蛋率分别提高7.13%和8.16%,与对照组差异极显著(P<0.01),料蛋比分别下降了13.18%和11.63%,与对照组差异极显著(P<0.01),但试验1组和试验2组产蛋率和料蛋比差异均不显著(P>0.05)。(2)各处理组间蛋重、蛋形指数、蛋壳厚度及哈夫单位等均无显著变化(P>0.05)；试验1组蛋壳重极显著大于对照组和试验2组(P<0.01),试验2组大于对照组,但差异不显著(P>0.05)；试验1组蛋黄重显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。(3)饲喂EM发酵饲料显著降低了鸡蛋蛋黄中胆固醇和脂肪含量(P<0.05),一定程度提高了鸡蛋蛋清中蛋白质含量,其中试验1组、2组胆固醇和脂肪含量分别较对照组降低了9.68%、10.87%和25.70%、16.46%,蛋白质含量分别较对照组提高了4.90%和5.27%。(4)饲喂EM发酵饲料可一定程度提高蛋鸡血清中Ca2+、无机磷、总蛋白(TP)和白蛋白(ALB)含量,试验1组、2组血清中Ca2+、无机磷、总蛋白(TP)和白蛋白(ALB)含量分别较对照组提高了0.27%、4.07%、0.84%、0.70%和1.09%、2.44%、3.39%、2.52%,但各组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。(5)EM发酵饲料喂鸡可明显改善鸡舍空气质量,试验组鸡舍中CO2含量和NH3浓度分别较对照组鸡舍降低了11.1%和26.2%,效果显著。更多还原

【Abstract】 Effective microorganism (EM) is a kind of microbial preparation. It can accelerate animal growth, strengthen immunity ability, enhance performance and clear the smell of feces. In addition, it can also improve quality of eggs and reduce cholesterol of egg.300 new romance hens at 28 weeks were chosen in order to research effect of feed fermented EM on commercial hens in Qinghai province with high-cold land. These hens were divided into 3 groups randomly. The control group feed basic ration. Group 1 and group 2 feed 25% EM fermented feed+75% basic ration and 50% EM fermented feed+50% basic ration, respectively. The feeding experiment is 38 days (pre-experiment is 8days and experiment is 30 days). Research of effects on hens performance, egg quality, serum bio-chemical indexes and air quality in hen room of EM fermented feed in order to provide basic research data of EM fermented feed on hens at environment of high-cold areas.(1)Compared with control group, the total egg weights of group 1 and group 2 were significantly enhanced 11.23% and 9.54%, respectively(P<0.01). The feed-egg ratio reduced remarkable significantly 13.18% and 11.63%, respectively (P<0.01). But laying ratio, feed-egg ratio of group 1 and group 2 had no differences.(2) Feed fermented by EM didn’t effect egg weight, egg shape index, eggshell thickness and Haugh unit (P>0.05). Eggshell weight of group 1 was increased significantly compared with control and group 2(P< 0.05). Eggshell weight of group 2 was greater than the one of control but still had no difference (P>0.05). The yolk weight of group 1 was increased significantly (P<0.05).(3) Feed fermented by EM decreased significantly the content of fat and cholesterol in the yolk (P< 0.05) and increased the content of protein in the serum to some extent. The content of cholesterol and fat in group 1 and 2 decreased by 9.68%,10.87% and 25.70%,16.46%, respectively and 4.90% and 5.27% for the content of protein, respectively.(4) Feed fermented by EM increased the content of Ca2+, TP, and ALB in the serum of laying hens to some extent. The content of Ca2+, non-phosphorus, TP and ALB of group 1 and 2 increased by 0.27%、4.07%、0.84%、0.70% and 1.09%、2.44%、3.39%、2.26%, respectively. But still didn’t show any effects between groups (P>0.05).(5) Feed fermented by EM significantly improved the air quality of hen house. The ontent of CO2 and concentrate of NH3 have been decreased by 11.1% and 26.2%, respectively.更多还原