【作者】 陈博；

【导师】 杜宝中；

【作者基本信息】 西安理工大学 ， 应用化学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 水滑石(LDH)因其特殊的层状结构、层间距可调性和层间阴离子可交换性,近年来受到人们的广泛关注。经离子交换,向层间引入新的客体阴离子或分子(如有机阴离子、聚合物、药物活性分子等),可使层状结构和组成产生相应的变化,得到不同结构的一大类兼具有机(或聚合物)和LDH优点的特殊性质的功能材料。因此,在吸附、离子交换、药物缓释、阻燃材料、催化等方面具有巨大的应用前景。本文选用恒定pH液相单滴法,通过单因素实验优化合成工艺条件。并以聚乙二醇为分散剂,正丁醇为置换剂通过溶剂共沸分别合成了层间阴离子为CO32-, Cl-, NO3-的LDH,粒径范围在50～100nm。经XRD分析表明产物衍射峰尖锐,结晶度良好;TG-DTA分析表明产物热稳定性良好。以离子交换法制备有机酸插层C032--LDH,确定了最佳反应温度,pH,反应时间。对脂肪酸插层LDH的XRD分析表明,层间距随碳链长度先增加,但随着碳链的增长由于层板的作用碳链的旋转弯曲使得层间距不随碳链增长而增大。以离子交换法制备马来酸插层Cl--LDH,经XRD与FT-IR分析表明马来酸进入LDH层间。通过130℃原位引发聚合,经XRD分析表明,聚合反应后LDH层间距减小；FT-IR谱图特征峰出现；SEM分析得出聚合后粒径为70-200nm,有轻微团聚。结果表明制备得到了聚马来酸插层LDH纳米复合材料。以离子交换法与共沉淀法制备萘普生插层NO3--LDH,结合XRD、FT-IR、TG-DTA分析表明萘普生进入LDH层间与层板相互作用形成超分子结构,提高了萘普生的热稳定性。对萘普生插层LDH进行缓释研究表明共沉淀法制备所得产物具有良好的缓释性能。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, LDH is being paid more and more attention for special samdwich, controllability of layers interval and anionic exchanging. New gusts can be inducted to interlayer by ion exchange, consequently alter the layer configuration and constitution. Then, the functional material would be abtained with the characters of organ and LDH. Thus, it show wide application prospects in the fields of absorption, drug retarded release, fire-retardant and catalysis etc.LDH, the anion of CO32-, Cl-, NO3- and particle size of 50～100nm, were synthesized by means of azeotropic distillatio with dispersant of Polyethylene glycol, replacement of butyl alcohol. The XRD showed that the products had sharply diffraction peak and well crystal. Meantime, TG-DTA indicated they had the good thermal stability.The optimal reactive temperature, pH and time were ascertained via single factor tests. XRD result beared out layer distance would increase as carbon chain lengthen, and this phenomenon would be disspear as long as overlong carbon chain rotate and bend.Maleic/LDH was prepared by ion exchange methods in this paper. XRD and FT-IR analysis indicated that Maleic had had entered into LDH interlayer. By 130℃in-situ initiation polymerization, XRD analyse showed the LDH interlayer distance decreased after polymerization; character peak emerge in the chart of FT-IR; it can be seen by the SEM that the particle size is about 70-200nm and slight reunite. Result proved the prepared polymaleic/LDH were nanometer composite materials.NO3--LDH was made by way of ion exchange and co-deposition methods. Analyses implied the Naproxen had untried into the LDH interlayer and super molecule configuration could be formed by XRD、FT-IR、TG-DTA. This configuration improved the thermal stability of Naproxen. The study of retarded releasing showed the products prepared by co-deposition had well property of retarded releasing.更多还原