【作者】 胡海兰；

【导师】 惠虎； 张耀亨；

【作者基本信息】 华东理工大学 ， 安全工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 原油罐区属于重大危险源,一旦破坏,会造成巨大的安全事故。本文开展对原油罐区安全评价研究以及关键技术的改造工作,对于预防原油储罐发生重大事故,提高原油储罐区的安全性,保护人民群众的生命和财产安全具有重要意义。本文根据原油储罐的特性,在对各安全评价方法分析的基础上,选用道化学公司(DOW)火灾爆炸危险指数评价法、事故树分析方法、以及储罐泄漏模型对原油罐区装置实际潜在火灾、爆炸危险及系统腐蚀泄漏事故进行安全分析及评价,提出了相关的安全措施。针对原油罐区普遍采用手动阀门操作,易误操作的的具体工程问题,提出对其进行自动化改造,采用增加气动头设备、PLC控制系统,工业以太网等先进的自动化技术,工程应用后大大提高了原油罐区的自动化水平,减轻了工人的劳动强度,确保原油罐区安全运行。更多还原

【Abstract】 Crude oil tank is a major hazardous source. Disaster accident will take place if it is destroyed. Study on safety assessment of crude oil tank and alteration of key technology of it is carried out in this paper, which has great significance for improving the safety of crude oil tanks, thus preventing disaster accident protecting people’s life and property.According to the characteristics of crude oil tanks and based on the analysis of lots of safety assessment methods, the safety assessment methods such as Dow fire&exploding hazardous exponent method, accident trees method, tank leakage modal was selected for safety analysis and assessment for the hazards of fire, explodeing and leakage of crude oil and corresponding safety measurement was proposed. In the fact engineering, manual valves are usually used in the crude oil tanks, which may be wrong operated. To solve the problem, the alteration of automatization control system for manual valve, which includs adding automatization devices such as pneumatic head, PLC control system, industry Ethernet, was carried out. Thus, the automatization level of the crude oil tant farm is improved and the intensity of labour is decreased, which insure security of operation of crude oil tank farm.更多还原