政治社会化与新时期社会主义意识形态建设

【作者】 白峥；

【导师】 陈冬生；

【作者基本信息】 中共中央党校 ， 思想政治教育， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 马克思主义中国化、时代化和大众化是党的十七届四中全会《决定》第一次综合提出来的重大命题,其实质就是马克思主义的具体化和中国特色社会主义实践经验的马克思主义化。马克思主义的具体化和中国特色社会主义实践经验的马克思主义化过程就是社会主义意识形态的传播、普及和政治社会化过程。但是现有马克思主义中国化、时代化和大众化专题研究大多从历史考证、操作经验和宣传工作以及名词解释角度入手,本文的创新之处在于:以马克思主义唯物史观和唯物辩证法为指导,从政治社会化视角对社会主义意识形态建设问题进行跨学科综合研究,从理论与实践的结合点上弥补了马克思主义中国化、时代化和大众化专题研究的一个薄弱环节,对推动马克思主义中国化、时代化和大众化具有重要的理论价值和实践意义。政治社会化是社会政治文化传播与个体学习内化的统一,是实现人从“自然人”到“政治人”的有效手段,是推动马克思主义中国化、时代化和大众化的重要途径。对政治社会化,虽然不同的学科有不同的解读,但本质上都离不开社会意识形态的传播和个体“政治人”的塑造。政治社会化的主体性与客体性、社会化与个性化、阶段性与连续性相统一规律要求意识形态建设坚持以人为本,既要整合多样化思想又要体现多层次要求,以保持各种政治社会化机构之间的协调一致。我国处于社会转型期,社会主义意识形态建设面临着多方面的挑战。因为全球化的潜意识形态冲击、社会转型的不确定性困惑以及新兴媒体对主流意识形态的新挑战,社会主义意识形态存在认知、心理、参与多层次的政治社会化问题,集中表现为有效传播问题、权威认同问题、理论与实践“两张皮”问题等等。加强社会主义意识形态建设,要按照政治社会化的规律,推动马克思主义的中国化、时代化和大众化。一是要在社会主义意识形态的传播过程中,正确处理好中国化、时代化、大众化三者关系,把握好世情、国情、发展实际、现实经验四个要点,避免马克思主义简单化、庸俗化、教条化、形式化、功利化五个误区。二是要在推进社会主义意识形态认同的过程中,推动马克思主义中国化、时代化和大众化:一方面要正确处理指导思想一元化与文化多样化的关系,坚持马克思主义在意识形态领域的一元化指导地位,同时尊重文化多样性;另一方面要充分发挥社会主义形态的能动作用,在政治社会化过程中,通过社会主义意识形态建设正确引导人民群众的利益综合和利益表达、世俗化生活,引导人们减少摩擦成本、提高人力资本,引导社会的改革和变迁。三是要在社会主义意识形态的实践中,推动马克思主义中国化、时代化、大众化:坚持党性原则与以人为本的有机统一,提高政治参与的积极性,营造全民参与社会主义意识形态建设的氛围,将意识形态建设融入到各项政治社会化管理体系之中。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Fourth Plenary Session of the 17th Communist Party of China Central Committee made a consensus which firstly put forward the significant proposition of " taking Marxism of contemporary China to the general public, keeping Marxism up with the times,adapting Marxism to conditions in China". Its essence is the specification of Marxism and the Marxism of experiences of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics. That is the process of dissemination,popularization and political socialization of Socialist ideology. However, the existing researches are mainly from the angles of history,operational experience,advocacy work and Glossary etc. The innovation of this paper is to study the construction of socialist ideology under the guidance of Marxist historical materialism and dialectical materialism from the perspective of political socialization which make up for the weak link of taking Marxism of contemporary China to the general public, keeping Marxism up with the times, adapting Marxism to conditions in China. It has great theoretical and practical significance.Political socialization is the integration of socio-political culture spreading with individual learning. It is an effective means to change people from the "natural person" to "political person". It is also an important way to promote taking Marxism of contemporary China to the general public, keeping Marxism up with the times,adapting Marxism to conditions in China. The meaning of political socialization has different interpretations from different perspective, but the essence is the same. That is the spread of social ideology and turning into political person. The laws concerning the integration of subjectivity with objectivity in political socialization, the socialization with personalization,and the stages with continuity required that the construction of ideology should put people first, both integrate different thoughts and reflect requirements of multi-level, so as to keep the coordination among various political socialization agencies.The construction of socialist ideology faced many challenges during social transformation. There are multiple levels of problems of socialist ideology political socialization. From the aspects of cognition,identity,participation, the main problems are how to spread effectively, how to enhance the identity of authority ,how to solve the theory and practice mismatch problem.It mainly owes to the new chanllenges caused by globalization, social transformation and new media.In order to enhance the construction of socialist ideology, we need to follow the rules of political socialization, so as to take Marxism of contemporary China to the general public, keep Marxism up with the times and adapt Marxism to conditions in China.Firstly, we should correctly handle the relations between the above in the process of spreading socialist ideology, grasp four key points of the global situation, national circumstances, the reality of development and practical experience, avoid five errors of simplistic, vulgar, dogmatic, formal, utilitarian.Secondly, from the aspect of identification, on the one hand, we should correctly handle the relationship between Guiding Ideology and multiculture, uphold the guiding position of Marxism and respect the diversity of culture; on the other hand,we should give full scope to socialist ideology, correctly guide people to integrate and express their interests, as well as secular life. We also need to lead people to reduce friction costs, improve human capital, and guide social reform.Thirdly, from the aspect of participation, we should integrate the Party spirit with the people, fully arouse the initiative of all sides, create an atmosphere of political participation, incorporate the construction of socialist ideology into all stages of political and social management system.更多还原