【作者】 张志刚；

【导师】 盛亚；

【作者基本信息】 浙江工商大学 ， 企业管理， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 复杂产品系统(Complex Products and Systems, CoPS)是指那些关系到国计民生、技术含量高、单件或小批量定制的产品、系统或基础设施,比如大型计算机、航空航天系统和智能交通系统等,日益成为现代经济的“技术资产骨架”,复杂产品系统的技术能力成为国家经济实力的象征。与大规模研发制造产品不同,复杂产品系统研制过程中涉及更多更复杂的利益相关者,这使得复杂产品系统项目的研制与运营难度更大,如何有效地协调各利益相关者(特别是CoPS用户和系统集成商)之间的利益博弈是复杂产品系统项目成功的关键。在此背景下,本文运用博弈论相关思想,构建模型并对模型进行模拟的方式,试图分析CoPS创新用户和系统集成商之间的利益博弈,探求消除由于信息不对称而产生的逆向选择和道德风险等现象的方法。本文在分析相关问题研究现状的基础上,主要研究了以下几个方面的问题：第一、对项目招标和激励进行了理论分析,探讨了项目招投标机制中涉及的博弈经济学,激励中涉及的委托代理理论,并结合招投标现实情况以及相关激励原理,提出了构建CoPS项目创新招投标模型和激励模型的相关思路。第二、运用博弈论构建了CoPS创新项目的招投标博弈模型,该模型能很好地解决招投标人之间由于信息不对称而产生的逆向选择或者串通抬高标价而追逐超额利润的围标现象发生,通过对模型的模拟,分析了CoPS创新用户和系统集成商之间的博弈过程,参与投标的系统集成商之间的博弈过程,并探讨了相关博弈策略。第三、运用信息经济学中的委托代理理论构建了CoPS创新用户对系统集成商的激励模型,并利用Lingo10数学软件和Excel.2003对非线性最优化问题进行定量模拟,探讨了系统集成商的创新风险规避度和创新产出方差对系统集成商的最优努力水平、CoPS创新用户的激励成本和总代理成本以及他们各自创新增加收益的影响等,并提出了相关管理建议。本文主要研究发现有：CoPS项目招投标市场属于双头寡头竞争招标市场；CoPS创新用户选择系统集成商时不应只关注报价,而应综合考察系统集成商各方面的能力,选择使CoPS创新用户未来收益最大的系统集成商中标；系统集成商在投标时可以通过调整成本或报价等策略来赢得标的；在CoPS项目创新过程中,为激励系统集成商努力工作,需要设计合适的激励机制,同时,由于CoPS项目创新的复杂性等特点,CoPS创新用户在设计激励机制时,一定要考查系统集成商的创新风险规避度以及创新产出成果方差对激励效果的影响,CoPS项目创新用户和系统集成商共同推动CoPS项目创新的成功。更多还原

【Abstract】 Complex Products and Systems (CoPS) is one of the typical representative of the importance of emerged. The so-called complex systems products are those related to the high technology, single or small quantities of customized products, systems or infrastructure, such as large-scale computer, aerospace systems, intelligent transport systems and other capital goods. CoPS are increasingly becoming a modern economy "technology backbone" and the technological complexity of products is to become the symbol of the country’s economic strength. In addition, large-scale R & D and manufacturing products with different and complex product development process involved in more complex stakeholders, which makes complex products system project more difficult, how to effectively coordinate the benefit game among the stakeholders (especially between CoPS user and system integrator) is the key to core of the success of the CoPS project. In this context, based on the idea of the game theory, the paper attempted to explore the benefit game between CoPS user and system integrator. The research work done by the author was illustrated as below:1. The project bidding and incentives is analyzed theoretically, the paper explores the game economics which involved in the project bidding game mechanism, the principal-agent theory which involved in the project incentives, and combines with the realities of bidding and tendering and related incentive principle, offers some ideas how to build CoPS project innovation bidding and incentives models, explores such methods to eliminate the phenomena which arises from adverse selection and moral hazard.2. This paper builds the CoPS innovation project bidding game model with the game theory which can solve the phenomenon of adverse selection or pursuing excess profit by colluding to raise the price which posed by information asymmetry, analyzes the game process between CoPS user and system integrator and among the system integrators by simulating the model, and explore some related game strategy.3. This paper builds the incentives model of CoPS User to System Integrator with the principal-agent theory of information economics, and makes use of Lingo 10 mathematical software and Excel.2003 to simulate the nonlinear optimization problem by quantitative approach, explores the innovation risk reliability of the system integrators and innovation output variance how to influence the optimal effort level of the system integrator、the incentive costs and agent costs of CoPS innovation user, and innovation increase revenue, and put forward relevant management recommendations.The main finds of this paper:the bidding market of CoPS project is the two-headed competitive bidding oligopoly market; the CoPS innovative user should not only concerned about pricing when you select the system integrator, but study all aspects of system integrators comprehensively, chooses the system integrator who enables the CoPS user to obtain the maximum benefit; in order to encourage system integrator to work hard in the process of CoPS project innovation, the CoPS user need to design an appropriate incentive mechanism, at the same time, due to the complexity characteristic of CoPS innovation, the CoPS user should examine the effect between innovation risk aversion or variance of system integrator and the incentive outputs, Both CoPS project innovation user and system integrator promote CoPS project innovation to success jointly.更多还原