【作者】 郭雯；

【导师】 王端廷；

【作者基本信息】 中国艺术研究院 ， 美术学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 20世纪是一个风云变幻的时代。两次世界大战给人类带来了深重的灾难和巨大的精神损伤。20世纪也是一个孕育变革的时代。文化艺术经历了从古典形态到现代、后现代形态的转变。德·库宁一生几乎贯穿了整个20世纪,从欧洲到美国,他始终身处于各种文化艺术思潮的冲击中,其艺术是20世纪美国人社会生活和精神世界的缩影。德·库宁的作品正如他多变的人生,风格多样,徘徊于具象和抽象之间。他出生于荷兰,受过欧洲学院派的艺术教育,是美国抽象表现主义画家中少有的具有欧洲气质的美籍艺术家。成年后的德·库宁一直在美国生活,深受美国各种文艺思潮的影响,尤其是精神分析学和存在主义哲学理论对其影响最为显著。超现实主义从弗洛伊德无意识理论发展而来的“自动主义”创作激发了德·库宁的“自动性”线条。存在主义哲学在二战后传入美国,因它具有人文主义特点而成为美国人的精神向导。德·库宁受存在主义哲学理论的影响,主张艺术等同于生活,而生活则以人为基础,其作品蕴含着强烈的主体存在意识,折射出现代人的存在状态和美国社会的危机。他晚年遭受疾病的困扰,却又在半痴半醒中创作彻底抽象的作品。在这一时期,他的艺术创作又迈向一个新的高度。本文以德·库宁最具生命力的“女人系列”绘画为研究对象,通过对作品风格、图式、象征性的解读,着重从画面呈现出的存在意识,结合他所身处的时代背景和生活情况,探讨德·库宁艺术创作的精神维度,指出其“女人系列”作品在力比多的驱动下,体现出对爱欲的反抗与顺从,以及生的渴望与死的本能。更多还原

【Abstract】 The 20th century witnessed dramatic changes in human life. The two world wars have left people with grave calamities and endless pain. Europe’s supremacy in the world was challenged, and the United States emerged to become the new source of world power. The 20th century was also an era of new development. In the art field, classic style was replaced by modernism, which was again replaced by post-modernism. De Kooning lived his life throughout the 20th century either in Europe or in America, and he saw or experienced too many social changes.His artwork, which was just a reflection of his true life, was versatile in genre and lingered between figurative and abstract expressions. He was born in Netherlands and was educated by European academic art schools, for which he was rare among American abstract expressionism painters with a kind of "Europe temperament". De Kooning spent his adult life in America, and he was influenced by various American thoughts, notably the Psychoanalysis and Existentialism. The automatism creation of Surrealism from Freud unconscious theories stimulated De Kooning’s "automatic" lines. After the WWII, Existentialism became popular in the United States as it advocated individual value and its humanism element provided Americans with guidance and recognition. Under the influence of Exitentialism, De Kooning argued that art equates life, and life is based on people. Thus, his artworks conveyed a strong sense of "being" to reflect the state of modern people and the crisis in the American society. De Kooning was haunted by diseases in his last years, but he still created many completely abstract works in a half-consciousness condition. His art life reached a new peak even if his physical life was fading.The paper will study De Kooning’s painting of Women series to read into his genre, schema and symbolism. And the paper will try to explore the spiritual world of De Kooning by analyzing the "being" sense reflected in his works and by studying the social and real life contexts of the works, and to point that his painting reflects the resistance and the submission to eros as well as the living desire and the death instinct under libido action.更多还原