【作者】 侯东升；

【导师】 张树平；

【作者基本信息】 西安建筑科技大学 ， 安全技术及工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国经济建设的日益发展,各种类型的工业建筑相继涌现,并逐渐向着大型化、地下化以及高层化发展。由于此类现代化工业厂房中采用了大量新技术,新材料,新工艺,且生产过程和工艺流程的特殊要求,往往不能按照现有的相关国家防火规范的要求使用防火墙分隔。而工业厂房内往往存有大量的可燃物、甚至是易燃易爆物品,还有大批现代化的机器设备,增加了火灾发生的可能性和后果的严重性。本文以水电站地下主厂房的性能化防火设计为例,探讨了性能化防火设计在工业厂房中的应用,是对性能化的防火设计方法在现代化工业厂房中的应用有益的探索。通过FDS火灾模拟软件建立火灾模型,按照火灾场景的设计原则,选择了具有代表性的火灾场景进行火灾模拟,并对比分析了火源位置相同时有机械排烟和无机械排烟两种工况,以验证机械排烟系统的有效性。利用日本的人员安全疏散经验公式对人员的安全疏散时间进行了预测。根据性能化防火设计中的安全性判定准则和判据,以及设定的安全目标研究了该地下主厂房内火灾时人员安全疏散和防止火灾蔓延的性能。并利用多种方法和技术手段对不能满足人员安全疏散条件的场景提出了改进措施。最后对下一步研究内容及性能化防火研究的发展进行了展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of economic construction of China, all kinds of industrial buildings have emerged, and turn towards the large scale gradually, underground as well as high-rise. Because of the extensive use of new technologies, new processes and new materials in these modern plants, and the special requirements of productive and technological processes, the use of firewall often don’t accord with existing related national fire standards. Industrial buildings always store plenty of combustibles, inflammable and explosive materials and large quantities of modernization machinery equipments, which increase the possibility of fire and the severity of consequence.Taking performance-based fire protection design for the underground power house for example, the paper discusses the application of performance-based fire protection design on industrial buildings and gives some solution to the application on modernization power houses in the future.According to the design principle of fire scenario, we establish the fire models by FDS to stimulate several representative fire scenario, and comparative analysis two conditions through mechanical exhaust and non-mechanical exhaust at the same fire location in order to verify effectiveness of mechanical exhaust system. Safety evacuation time is predicted by using Japanese safety evacuation empirical formula. On the basis of safety judging criterion in performance-based fire protection design and setting safety target, the safety evacuation when fire occurred in underground power house and performance of preventing fire spread are analyzed. Various methods and technical means are used to propose improvement measures on some fire scenario which can’t satisfy safety evacuation condition. At last, the paper looks ahead the next research contents and the development of performance-based fire protection.更多还原