【作者】 李静洋；

【导师】 刘晖；

【作者基本信息】 西安建筑科技大学 ， 城市规划与设计， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 本文分析了中国水资源资源性短缺、中国雨水资源相对丰富的现状,剖析了城市化对水文过程造成的影响,找出了水资源流失、水质污染和洪涝灾害的原因。针对上述讨论,本文从城市雨水利用的必要性、生态环境建设的必要性、以及景观设计可持续发展的要求出发,提出了以实现雨洪生态利用、营造生境改善生态环境、创造具有生态美的景观形态为目的的场地雨洪系统。本文中所研究的场地雨洪系统指的是包含雨洪的收集和截污、调蓄、净化、渗透、溢流环节,以生境营造为特征的具有生态、观赏、休闲娱乐意义的雨水资源利用系统。本文针对雨洪生态利用、改善生态环境、创造生态景观的三大目标将场地雨洪系统研究的内容分成了三个体系：分别是雨洪利用的技术体系、生境营造体系、景观形态设计体系。雨洪利用技术是场地雨洪系统的重要技术支撑,它主要研究的是雨洪利用中的雨洪处理、收集等技术问题。论文中讨论的场地雨洪利用系统是以恢复雨洪的自然循环过程为目标的,要求这一过程被人所掌控,因此本文研究了相关的人工雨洪技术措施,这些措施可以实现人类对雨洪生态管理利用的目标。营造生境是场地雨洪系统改善生态环境的目标得以实现的重要手段,这不仅仅是雨洪利用中净化和防洪的要求,也是景观可持续设计的要求。本文生境营造体系研究的就是如何在城市景观环境中从雨洪利用的角度营造生物栖息环境的方法,论文详细论述了生境营造的程序以及生境要素的设计方法。景观形态设计体系解决的是场地雨洪系统如何实现内容和形式统一,并且给人们带来视觉美感享受的问题,在这里,除了一般的景观形态设计要求,基于生境营造的场地雨洪系统由于其生态意义上的特殊性,还要营造出引发人们对生态的文化领悟和哲学思考的景观。本文根据这样的要求对景观形态设计提出了相应的设计步骤和方法。根据上述三个体系的设计方法研究,论文得出了几种城市景观环境常见的场地雨洪系统模式,可作为实践运用的参考。同时,论文在最后还进行了实证案例的研究,分析了延安山体公园和沪灞生态小广场两个实践案例,进一步论证了前文所述的理论方法,同时其富有特点的雨洪利用技术措施也为具有相似气候地区进行场地雨洪系统的建构提供了借鉴。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper analyzes the situation that Chinese water resource lacks, but Chinese rainfall resource is relatively abundant, and the impact on hydrological process of water resource because of urbanization, then find the root causes of the loss, pollution of water and flooding. Faced with these issues, this article put forward the stormwater system for the purpose of water purification, flood controlling and drainage, improving the ecological environment, and creating ecological landscapes, with the starting point of the need for rainwater utilization in cities, the need for eco-environmental construction, as well as the sustainable trend of landscape design.Stormwater system in this article is an ecological, ornamental and leisure rainwater utilization system with the purpose of bio-environment creation, which contains rainwater collection and sewage interception, storage, purification, infiltration and overflow.This stormwater system is divided into three systems:namely, stormwater utilization technology system, bio-environment creating system, landscape shape design system.Stormwater utilization technology system is an important technical support for stormwater system, which is mainly about the study of the technical aspects of rainwater utilization. Stormwater system discussed in this paper although make restoring the natural cycle of storms and floods as the goal, it is need to be controlled by people. So this paper studied the relevant ecological technology measures, which can achieve the objectives of the ecology and human control of rainwater.Creating bio-environment is an important method for improving ecological environment, it is not just the requirements of purification and flood control in the stormwater system, but also the requirements of sustainable landscape design. Bio-environment creating system in this paper is to study how to creat the habitat in the urban landscape environment. This paper discusses in detail the procedures of bio-environment creation and method to design the habitat elements.What landscape shape design system solve is about how to achieve the unification between the content and the form and bring people visual aesthetic enjoys. Here, apart from the general design requirements of the visual landscape, because of stormwater system’s specificity on ecological significance, we would also create a unique landscape which can initiate people to the ecology cultural comprehension and the philosophy pondering. According to such request this article propose the corresponding design procedure and the method about the landscape shape design.According to the three systems above, the paper studies several commen patterns of stormwater system, which can be the reference for practice use. At the same time, the paper do study of practice case, for example, the Yan’an mountain park and the ecological small square, which further demonstrate the theory method stated above. And the characteristic technical measures provide reference for other cases with the same climatic conditions.更多还原