【作者】 李静；

【导师】 严昌国；

【作者基本信息】 延边大学 ， 动物营养与饲料科学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究以延边黄牛为研究对象,利用PCR-SSCP方法对TCAP、DECR1、PRKAG3基因进行检测,分析基因的遗传特性并寻找与肉质性状相关的SNPs位点,分析SNP位点不同基因型与生产性状的关联关系。结果如下：(1) TCAP基因存在3个突变位点,分别为267位点的C-T突变、300位点的T-C突变、336位点的A-G突变；DECR1基因存在2处突变,分别为23263处的A-G突变,23473处的A-G突变；PRKAG3基因检测到4738处存在C-T突变。(2)三个基因除DECR1基因不处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态外,其他均处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态。遗传变异情况分析表明,TCAP基因的纯合度、杂合度、有效等位基因数分别为0.6322、0.3678、1.5818；DECR1基因的纯合度、杂合度、有效等位基因数分别为0.6922、0.3078、1.4447；PRKAG3基因的纯合度、杂合度、有效等位基因数分别为0.6113、0.3887、2.5727。三个基因的多态信息含量分别为0.3013、0.2604、0.3051,均为属于中度多态。(3) TCAP、DECR1、PRKAG3个基因与肉质性状的相关分析发现,TCAP基因基因型AA对蒸煮损失有一定的负面影响；基因型AB对c*24(彩度)存在一定的正面影响。DECR1基因型AA对蒸煮损失、pH24性状有一定的负效应。基因型BB对pH1有一定的负面影响；基因型AB对L*1(亮度)有一定的正面影响。PRKAG3基因基因型AB对嫩度存在一定的正面影响；基因型AB对a*24(红色度)和b*24(黄色度)值有一定的负而影响。(4) TCAP、DECR1、PRKAG3三个基因与脂肪酸含量的连锁分析表明,DECR1基因的基因型BB对肉豆蔻酸的组成有一定的负面影响；基因型BB对硬脂酸、亚麻酸有一定的正面影响；PRKAC3基因的基因型BB与油酸存在一定的正相关。TCAP基因各基因型之间没有发现显著差异。(5) TCAP、DECR1、PRKAG3三个基因与氨基酸含量之间的连锁分析发现,TCAP基因基因型BB对甘氨酸含量存在一定的正面影响。DECR1基因基因型BB对组氨酸与赖氨酸有一定的负面影响。PRKAG3基因基因型AA对天冬氨酸有一定的正面影响；基因型AB对谷氨酸、丙氨酸、脯氨酸、精氨酸和缬氨酸含量均有定的正面影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 The polymorphisms of TCAP.DECR1/PRKAG3 gene were detected by PCR-SSCP method in Yanbian Yellow Cattle, and to reveal the association between SNPs and meat traits. The resuls showed that:(1) Three mutational sites were founded in TCAP, which is 267 C-T mutation,300 T-C mutation,336 A-G mutation. Tow mutational sites were founded in DECR1, which is 23263 A-G mutation and 23473 A-G mutation. One mutational site was founded in PRKAG3, which is 4738 C-T mutation.(2)TCAP gene and PRKAG3 gene are in Hardy-Weinberg balance, and DECR1 gene is not. The analyzed of hereditary variation showed, the homozygosity, heterozygosity and effective alleles number of TCAP is 0.6322,0.3678, 1.5818, respectively. The homozygosity, heterozygosity and effective alleles number of DECR1 is 0.6922,0.3078.1.4447, respectively. The homozygosity, heterozygosity and effective alleles number of PRKAG3 is 0.6113,0.3887,2.5727. The polymorphism information content of these is 0.3013,0.2604,0.3051, respectively. They are midrange polymorphism.(3) The relationship of TCAP. DECRK PRKAG3 with meat traits was studied, the results is genotype AA of TCAP is negatived correlation with cooking loss, genotype AB of TCAP is positived correlation with c*2-1 (chroma). Genotype AA of DECR1 is negatived correlation with cooking loss and pH2·1·Genotype BB of DECR1 is negatived correlation with pH1-Genotype AB of DECR1 is positived correlation with L*, (lightness).Genotype AB of PRKAG3 is positived correlation with tenderness, and genotype AB of PRKAG3 is negatived correlation with a*21 (red) and b*24 (yellow).(4) The relationship of TCAP、DECR1、PRKAG3 with fatty acid content was studied, the results showed:genotype BB of DECR1 is negatived correlation with tetradecylic acid, and it is positived correlation with stearie acid and linoleic acid. Genotype BB of PRKAG3 is positived correlation with oleinic acid. TCAP gene have no significant correlation.(5) The relationship of TCAP, DECRK PRKAC3 with ami no acid content was studied, the results showed:genotype BB of TCAP is positived correlation with aminoacetic acid. Genotype BB of DECR1 is negatived correlation with histidine and lysine. Genotype AA of PRKAG3 is positived correlation with aspartate. Genotype AB of PRKAG3 is positived correlation with glutamate, alanine, praline, arginine, valine, respectively.更多还原