【作者】 蒋小荣；

【导师】 李丁；

【作者基本信息】 兰州大学 ， 人文地理学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 中国北方沙漠化问题以其广泛的分布和迅速的发展,已经成为区域内国民经济与社会发展迫切需要解决的重要问题。干旱区绿洲是人类社会经济活动密集区域,最容易受到沙漠面积扩张影响,同时也成为有效防治沙漠化最重要的桥头堡。目前,西北干旱区绿洲都不同程度地受到沙漠化威胁,导致沙漠边缘区最基础的经济社会组织——农村社区的生存发展出现危机,其生态功能建设能力逐渐衰退,导致社区“环境—经济—社会”恶性循环。本文选取河西走廊东北部民勤绿洲作为研究区域,总结前期研究结果,在农村社区尺度应用沙漠化基础研究成果和成熟的沙漠化防治技术,对比分析评估项目技术效果,进一步明确适合沙漠化地区农村社区的沙漠化防治理论和技术,“有条件的人定沙定”理论应推广麦草沙障结合植物治沙模式。通过对绿洲的宏观、区域和社区等多层次沙漠化防治规模尺度划分,及其防治效益的研究分析,以及不同层面沙漠化防治工作关系的研究,得出针对绿洲内部和边缘区侧重于不同治理内容的分区域治理模式以及综合治理技术模式。同时,通过选取典型样本区进行案例分析,研究绿洲不同区域农村社区对于三个尺度上沙漠化防治模式的响应和反馈。在此基础上拟定民勤绿洲农村社区沙漠化防治战略规划,最后分别提出各层面上沙漠化防治对策与建议,如下：(1)应申请和利用国际与国家层面政策性和社会公益性项目为支持,制定一个长期持续的综合性生态治理规划。(2)着重对绿洲西北沿线4条沙舌进行“靶向”治理,治理尺度适度向沙舌延伸,适时开展监测评估；(3)社区层面上沙漠化防治功能正在逐步衰退,因此建议恢复社区义务压沙活动。更多还原

【Abstract】 With its wide distribution and rapid development, Desertification in Northern China has become a pressing problem which is directly related to national economic and social development. As the border area concentrated area of human economic activities and the desert area, the arid area oasis, which be the main region where desertification occur and develop, may be easily affected by the expansion of desert area. Meanwhile, it becomes the most important bridgehead which effectively prevents and control expansion of desert. Currently, oasises in northwest China have been threatened in varying degrees by desertification, and leading the survival and development of rural communities at risk, which are the most fundamental economic and social organizations in the desert borders, eventually, it arise a vicious cycle of "environment—economic--society" in community.This thesis selects Minqin oasis in northeast Gansu corridor as the study area. With the historical research outcome in Minqin Basin, and based on application of basic desertification research and the mature desertification control technique in rural community. We made sure which is the most suited theory and technique of desertification control in this area. That is a theory which is called’conditionally stabilizing desert by stabilizing human being’, and the prevent and control mode which combination of straw checkerboard and afforestation.In addition, through study and analysis on multi-scale desertification prevention and control and the control benefit from macro-scale, regional-scale to community-scale in oasis. We studied the working relationship between different scale of desertification prevention and control, and obtained a series of regional separation control pattern which stresses in the different control content between oasis interior and fringe area. Meanwhile, by analyzing the researches on six selected typical samples, We study response and feedback of different rural communities to three-scales desertification prevention and control pattern. On this basis, a desertification prevention and control plan in rural communities was drafted. Finally desertification prevention and control measures and suggestions are respectively put forward in every scale.1. It should apply for and use the international and national project of social welfare and policy, and to establish a long-term continuous comprehensive ecological management plan. 2. In the region level, it focuses on targeting monitoring and management in the northwest 4 sand tongues.3. The desertification prevention and control function is declining gradually in community level. The author suggest restoring obligations desert control in community.更多还原