【作者】 吴蕾；

【导师】 姚佩芝；

【作者基本信息】 湖南师范大学 ， 英语语言文学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 作为第一位获得诺贝尔奖的美国黑人女作家,托妮·莫里森“也是美国本土产生的最配得上称之为民族作家的黑人女性。”迄今为止,她一共创作了八部小说,凭借其“富有洞察力和诗情画意般的语言,把美国现实中的一个重要方面写活了”。她的作品着重表现了在美国主流社会中,种族和性别压迫对黑人女性造成的精神伤害和安全空间的缺失。通过黑人女性对安全空间的探寻,莫里森对以下问题进行了思考：家庭与社区、自由和责任、黑人女性形象。通过对宗教、神话、民间传说中独特的种族、文化和历史记忆的探寻重塑安全空间。本论文根据现有的研究成果,以在莫里森小说创作中具有转折性意义的《柏油孩子》作为研究对象,试图采用弗洛伊德心理分析,黑人女性主义,以及文化地理学对小说主人公吉德寻求安全空间进行研究。论文分为四章。第一章围绕安全空间的定义、莫里森对安全空间理解以及黑人女性安全空间的重要作用,展开分析吉德对安全空间的渴求。第二章集中分析了吉德安全空间缺乏的深层次原因,包括暗恐心理、职业焦虑等。第三章,借助文化地理学的解读策略,对莫里森并置吉德与森二人对相同景观的不同感受,以及所折射出了的文化认同寓义进行了挖掘,以展现吉德在现实世界中探寻安全空间的过程。第四章从吉德三重文化背景(黑人、女人和美国人)入手,呈现吉德追寻安全空间的结果。结语部分进一步强调莫里森对黑人女性安全空间的探讨,实质上表现了她本人对黑人民族生存和前途命运的思考。更多还原

【Abstract】 As the first African-American woman writer winning the Nobel Prize for literature, "Toni Morrison is both a great novelist and the closest thing the country has to a national writer". She has published eight novels to date "who, in the novels characterized by visionary force and poetic import, gives life to an essential aspect of American reality". Morrison’s novels emphasize the thematic thinking of loss of safe space caused by racial and sexual oppressions in the White dominant culture in order to exhibit complicated relationships between:family and community; individual freedom and responsibility; stereotypes and authentic self-image. As a result, it is available to pursue and reconstruct safe space by means of religion, mythology, folklores, and the memories of race, culture and history.Illuminated by the researches available at home and abroad, this thesis takes Morrison’s transitional novel Tar Baby as its object of study. This thesis studies on the protagonist Jadine’s quest for safe space from the critical aspects of psycho-analysis, Black Feminism and cultural geography.The body of this thesis is composed of four chapters. The first chapter serves an overview of definitions of safe space, Morrison’s understanding of safe space and its significance to the survival of black women; then it exhibits safe space that Jadine aspires for. The second chapter focuses on the sources of Jadine’s loss of safe space, including ’the uncanny’, professional anxiety, etc. In the third chapter, through the juxtaposition of opposite attitudes held by Jadine and Son to the same landscape which in turn reflects its genius loci, it takes cultural geography as the strategy to explore Jadine’s journeys for safe space. The last chapter focuses on Jadine’s tri-consciousness as black, woman, and American which jointly construct Jadine’s contested visions on aesthetics, stereotypes and blackness, in order to demonstrate the consequences of her quest.Based on a spatial and cultural framework and mainly from psycho-analytical, Black Feminist and cultural geographical perspectives, this thesis hopes to reveal Morriosn’s rethinking of safe space of modern black women and hopes to rethink the significance of safe space to black race, its existence and future.更多还原