【作者】 温爱玲；

【导师】 熊开宇；

【作者基本信息】 北京体育大学 ， 运动人体科学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 研究目的：本研究利用肌电测试技术完成测试,分析高水平24式太极拳练习者下肢肌肉肌电特征,以及低水平练习者与其存在的主要差异,为低水平太极拳练习者提高太极拳水平提供参考。研究方法：用ME-6000肌电仪与摄像机对8名高水平和8名低水平太极拳练习者进行单套24式太极拳测试；用MegaWin软件并结合同步视频对24式太极拳整体套路、24式动作、三大步法(右野马分鬃、左倒卷肱、云手)下肢肌肉进行肌电分析。数据统计学分析采用独立样本T检验、配对样本T检验。研究结果：(1)高水平组完成24式太极拳,下肢肌肉放电较多的为股内侧肌、股外侧肌、阔筋膜张肌、胫骨前肌、股直肌；下肢左右侧肌肉积分对比都无显著性差异。(2)低水平组完成24式太极拳整个套路时右腓肠肌、左臀大肌、左右阔筋膜张肌积分显著低于高水平组；在云手、左下式独立、单边、闪通臂、搬拦锤中有4或5个肌群积分肌电值显著低于高水平组。(3)总体上三大步法中低水平组放电相对早于高水平组、放电持续时间相对长于高水平组。(4)低水平组进步中右腓肠肌,退步中右腓肠肌、右股二头肌,横移步中左腓肠肌、右股内外侧肌、左右阔筋膜张肌积分显著低于高水平组；进步中左股内侧肌、退步中右股直肌、右股外侧肌,横移步中左股外侧肌、左臀大肌放电时间显著长于高水平组,横移步中左右胫骨前肌放电时间显著短于高水平组。研究结论：(1)高水平组24式太极拳主要用力肌肉为股内侧肌、股外侧肌、阔筋膜张肌、胫骨前肌、股直肌；左右侧下肢承受负荷均衡。(2)规范胯部动作是提高低水平组太极拳水平的关键；低水平组在云手、下式独立、单边、闪通臂、搬拦锤中动作不规范的地方较多。(3)低水平组三大步法中下肢肌肉放电比高水平组少、且变化小。(4)低水平组三大步法对腓肠肌、股二头肌、股内外侧肌、阔筋膜张肌的刺激相对减弱。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:Through using the method of electronic test this study attempts to conclude the lower limb muscle EMG features of high levels of 24-style Taijiquan practitioners, and analyzing the differences existed between the higher-level and the lower-level practitioners,and providing refrence for the low-level practitioners to improve the level of Tai Chi Chuan.Methods:Simultaneous ME-6000 apparatus and videotaping to the experiment of one set of 24-style Taijiquan for eight the higher-level and the lower-level practitioners,the study analyze the features of the lower limb muscle EMG in a whole 24-style Taijiquan and 24-type action and three steps (Part the Wild Horse’s Mane on Right Side, Repulse Monkey, Wave Hands Like Clouds)by MegaWin software with simultaneous video. Data statistics processing uses independent samples t test and paired samples t test.Results:(1) The iEMG of vastus medialis and vastus lateralis tensor and fascia lata and tibialis anterior and rectus femoris is more in a whole 24-style Taijiquan of the low-level group; there is no significant difference between left and right side lower extremity muscles; there is fluctuating changes in muscle iEMG during 24-style Taijiquan and the peak and the trough appear at the same time. (2) The iEMG of right gastrocnemius, left gluteus maximus, left and right tensor fascia lata of the lower-level group is less than the higher-level group’s during a whole 24-style Taijiquan;the iEMG of four or five musles is less than the lower-level group’s in Wave Hands Like Clouds, Snake Creeps Down, Single Whip, Flash the Arm, Deflect Downward. (3) The three-step in the overall discharge of low-level group is relatively earlier than the high level group’s, the discharge duration is relatively longer than the high-level group’s. (4) The iEMG of the right gastrocnemius in Stride, the right gastrocnemius and right biceps femoris in Setback, the left calf and right femoral lateral muscle, left and right tensor fascia lata in Traverse-step of the lower-level group is less than the higher-level group’s;the discharge time of the left vastus medialis in Stride, the right rectus femoris and vastus lateralis in Setback, the left vastus lateralis and left gluteus maximus in Traverse-step is shorter than the higher-level group’s; the discharge time of the left and right tibialis anterior in Traverse-step is longer than the higher-level group’s.Conclusions:(1) Vastus medialis and vastus lateralis tensor and fascia lata and tibialis anterior and rectus femoris the main force muscle in a whole 24-style Tai jiquan of the lower-level group; the left and right side lower limb exercise is balance. (2) Specification hip action is primary to improve the Taijiquan level of low-level group; low-level group is usually unstandard in the actions of Wave Hands Like Clouds, Snake Creeps Down, Single Whip, Flash the Arm, Parry and Punch. (3) The lower limb muscles discharge of low-level group in the three-step is less than the high-level group’s, and little change. (4)Gastrocnemius, biceps femoris, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, tensor fasciae latae of low-level group have not been stimulated enough in three steps.更多还原