【作者】 廖炳英；

【导师】 钟毅；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 城市规划与设计， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 “面对突如其来的灾害,人类不仅必须采取对策,而且要未雨绸缪”。汶川地震以极端的方式抽检了城市的安全,巨大的灾难凸显了城市防灾规划的苍白无力,城市避难空间体系规划作为防震减灾规划的重要内容,在地震灾害日益严峻的形式下显得更加的必要。然而,已有的城市防震减灾研究大都集中在理论层面上,缺乏对城市防灾的基础性、技术性研究,研究内容也多限于对灾害的管理及震后应急机制和灾后重建,对震前防御研究较少。本文以攀枝花市防震避难空间作为研究的主要对象,首先分析了避难空间体系规划与相关规划的关系,总结了避难空间体系的构成要素以及各要素间的相互关系；其次对攀枝花市关于避难空间体系研究和避难地建设的现状进行了简单的介绍,对已编制的“攀枝花市应急避难场地总体规划”(以下简称“攀避难地总规”)做了初步的评析,引入对问题的思考；进而在8.30攀枝花震后调研的基础上,对“攀避难地总规”再一次进行深入的分析和研究,发现并提出了该编制存在的若干问提,在资料可获得性的前提下,确定了本文的研究方向和研究重点;最后根据调研结果和资料分析对攀枝花市避难空间体系规划进行了策略研究,并做了初步构建。本文完成的研究工作及取得的主要进展如下：第一部分,通过相关文献回顾及国内外研究现状分析比较,基本了解目前国内外关于避难空间体系的理论知识、体系构成和编制内容,为本文的研究提供了理论基础。第二部分,主要是概念的建立,引入城市防震避难空间的理念,阐述对城市避难空间体系的整体认识,分析防震避难空间体系规划与相关规划的关系以及避难空间体系规划的构成要素,这是课题研究前提性工作中的重要组成部分。第三部分,首先简单地从地震灾害学角度介绍了攀枝花市的基本情况,其次对攀枝花市城市避难空间的研究现状进行了概述,重点以“攀枝花市应急避难场地总体规划”为研究对象,介绍了该规划的编制方法和编制内容,并做出了初步评析,结合避难场地的建设和利用现状引入了对问题的思考。第四部分,通过攀枝花8.30震后调研,分析了市民的避难行为、避难需求、及避难场地的使用情况,针对调研结果的启示再一次对“攀枝花市应急避难场地总体规划”进行分析,发现该规划在编制方法和编制内容上存在一些值得探讨和深入优化的地方,从而为下文防震避难空间规划的策略研究找到切入点,指明研究方向。并在人力、物力和资料可获得性的前提下,确定了本文的研究重点——加强基础性分析和优化相关规划标准。第五部分,首先对“攀避难地总规”相关的规划标准构成进行了介绍,其次分析了避难地规划标准优化的必要性,最后对攀枝花市避难地规划标准进行了优化,结合“攀避难地总规”确定了适应攀枝花市自身特点的避难空间体系规划的标准体系第六部分,将优化后的规划标准运用到攀枝花市避难空间体系构建的研究中,提出了策略研究并作出了初步构架。更多还原

【Abstract】 "Faced with the Disaster arising suddenly, Human beings must not only take countermeasures, but also to plan ahead."Wenchuan earthquake sampling checks the city’s security in an extreme way. Great disaster highlights the pale and the weak about the urban disaster-prevention planning. As the earthquake disaster become more and more serious, urban refuge space system planning as an important content of earthquake disaster reduction planning is even more necessary. However, the research about earthquake mitigation has mostly focused on the theoretical level, lacks of the basis and the technical studies. Especially, there is even less research about the refuge space system. As the earthquake disaster increasingly grim, the study about the refuge space is more necessary.First of all, in this article, after a simple introduction about the current research and the current construction of the refuge space system in Panzhihua, the paper do a preliminary assessment of overall plan for emergency evacuation site. Further analysis based on the research about 8.30 Panzhihua earthquake. Second, the article determines the main emphasis and the main direction of research under the premise of availability in the data. Finally, according to the research results and data analysis of Panzhihua city, a strategy study and a preliminary construction about refuge space system planning are given.The main results and the major progresses are as follows:The first part:Through the relevant literature review and the current situation analysis and comparison, the article made a basic understanding on the system of theoretical knowledge about refuge space at home and abroad. The contents is a theoretical basis for the study of the paperThe second part:The main contents of this part are to establish the concept of refuge space. Include introduces the idea of refuge space, described the author’s overall understanding about refuge space, and so on. This is an important component of the premise research work.The third part:First, introduced the basic situation of Panzhihua city simply from the perspective of earthquake hazard studies, then provides an overview of the status quo of refuge space study in Panzhihua. The main emphasis of research is overall plan for emergency evacuation site of Panzhihua city. Initial introduce the thinking of the problem.The fourth part:Based on the research of 8.30 Panzhihua earthquake, the article analyzed the asylum behavior and the asylum requirements of the public as well as the status quo about the use of refuge sites and found that there are some worthwhile places to explore and in-depth optimization about the overall plan for emergency evacuation site of Panzhihua city in the preparation methods and preparation of content. So as to find an entry point for the article.The fifth part:First, the " overall plan for emergency evacuation site of Panzhihua city " constitute elements of the relevant planning standards were introduced, followed is the analysis of the necessity of planning standards optimization, the last the planning standards are optimized and the planning standard system which adapting to the characteristics of Panzhihua city are given.The sixth part:Optimized planning standards are applied to refuge space system planning. The paper put forward a study strategy and provides a preliminary framework for planning.更多还原