【作者】 林国庆；

【导师】 范东明；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 大地测量学与测量工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来,随着GPS定位技术的飞速发展,应用GPS技术建立和改造各种大地和工程控制网引起了测绘界的重视。本文从GPS与地面测量数据联合平差的函数模型与随机模型的建立两方面进行了论述与探讨。本文首先从GPS与地面测量数据联合平差基本原理出发,详细论述了GPS与地面测量数据联合平差数据处理中较为常用的4种数学模型,包括：在参心空间直角坐标系中平差的数学模型、在参心大地坐标系中平差的数学模型,以及在二维平面直角坐标系中平差的两种模式的数学模型,并对这4种联合平差的数学模型进行了比较与分析,总结了各种联合平差数学模型的优缺点,及其适用范围。然后,对GPS与地面测量数据联合平差中不同类观测值的定权方法进行了研究,并通过比较经验定权法与赫尔默特方差分量估计定权法的联合平差结果,得出了不同的定权方法将会影响联合平差的结果。为了得到参数的最优估计和合理的精度评定,应利用赫尔默特方差分量估计法进行联合平差处理。最后,基于GPS与地面测量数据联合平差的函数模型与随机模型的理论基础,采用Visual C++作为开发工具,研制了能满足不同实际工程需要的GPS与地面测量数据联合平差软件(UnionAdj)。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, with the rapid development of GPS positioning technology, application of GPS technology to establish and transform a variety of land and engineering surveying and mapping control network has aroused world attention. This thesis presents the discussion and investigation on the function model and stochastic model established in the combined adjustment of GPS and terrestrial surveying data.First, it is illustrated that four kinds of commonly used mathematical model and their fundamentals for GPS and terrestrial surveying data combined adjustment. These mathematical models include:The mathematical model of adjustment in the reference center rectangular space coordinates, the mathematical model of adjustment in the reference center geodetic coordinates and the two modes’mathematical model of adjustment in the two-dimensional Cartesian coordinates. These four kinds of combined adjustment of the mathematical model are compared and analyzed. Summarize the advantages and disadvantages of various mathematical models of the combined adjustment and their application.Then, the methods of weight determination of different observations were studied. By comparing the results of two combined adjustment of weight determination with experience and weight determination with Helmert variance component estimation, obtained that using different methods to determine weight, the results of the combined adjustment will be affected. In order to obtain the optimal parameter estimates and reasonable accuracy evaluation should use Helmert variance component estimation method to deal with the combined adjustment.Finally, according to the derived algorithms and conclusions, the software, GPS and terrestrial surveying data combined adjustment (UnionAdj) is developed utilizing Visual C++ tool to meet the needs in various projects.更多还原