【作者】 关炀；

【导师】 谢桦；

【作者基本信息】 北京交通大学 ， 电气工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 当今世界,环境污染严重,能源出现危机,使得电动汽车逐渐成为人们关注焦点。电动汽车作为节能、无污染的交通工具,在市场上具有很大的优越性。而电动汽车充电技术也在不断发展。电动汽车充电电源通常采用多个电源模块并联供电的方式来实现大功率的输出。由于工艺水平的限制及元器件特性差异等因素,如果将各个模块直接并联,很难保证各模块均匀分担负载电流。因此,在并联系统中必须采用均流技术来平衡负载电流分配。目前,充电电源普遍采用输出阻抗法,主从控制法等模拟控制技术来实现均流,这些技术具有技术成熟,价格低廉的优点。近年来,数字控制技术在大功率变换器中得到广泛应用。数字控制可以实现复杂的控制策略,具有更高的稳定性、可靠性和灵活性。本文针对75kW电动汽车充电电源,对其均流技术进行了深入的研究设计。文章共分为五个部分：第一部分,总结了国内外常用的均流控制技术,其中包括输出阻抗法,主从控制法,平均电流法,最大电流法：第二部分,根据环卫车整车充电的技术指标要求,设计了充电电源的系统结构,并计算充电模块的主电路参数；第三部分,提出了模拟电流内环,数字电压外环的双闭环控制的均流方案,并对模拟电流内环的四个部分(电流控制器、电流检测电路、驱动电路和脉冲宽度调制器)和数字电压外环的五个部分(电压检测电路,A／D采样,电压控制器、CAN总线通讯和D／A转换)进行详细的分析设计；第四部分,在MATLAB/Simulink环境下对采用双闭环控制模式的充电电源在轻载,满载,负载突变,参考电压突变的不同状况下的均流效果进行仿真。第五部分,对充电电源在输出不同电流值条件下的均流效果进行了测试,实验结果表明：无论充电电源在轻载还是满载状况下,不平衡度CS%都小于5%,符合均流的设计要求,验证了并联均流方案的可行性。更多还原

【Abstract】 In present times,serious environmental pollution and energy crisis make electric vehicle has gradually become the focus. electric vehicle as a environmental, non-polluting transportation tool, will have great advantages in the market, meanwhile, the charging technology for electric vehicle is also constantly and continuously improved. Electric vehicle power supply usually adopte parallel current sharing technology in order to achieve high power output.However, As the technological level and characteristics of different component, if each module parallels directly, it is difficult to achieve current sharing. Therefore, parallel system must bo introduced current sharing technology in order to balance the load current distribution. At precent, charger commonly adopte analogy control technology such as voltage droop control method, master slave control method Etc.to achieve current sharing. These technologies have the the advantages of mature technology and low price. In recent years, digital control technology has widely used in high-power converter. Digital control technology can achieve complex control strategy and has higher stability, reliability and flexibility.The thesis deeply researchs and designs the current-sharing technique based on 75kW electric vehicle power supply. This thesis composes of five sections:The first part summarizes the commonly used current-sharing control techniques include voltage droop control method, master slave control method, average current method, largest current method. The second part designs the power supply’system structure and calculates the main circuit’ parameters. The third part presents a dual-closed-loop current-sharing scheme composed of analog curent inner loop and digital voltage outer loop. Also the third part detailed analyzes four parts of analog curent inner loop which includes current controller, current detecting circuit, driving circuit, PWM circuit and five parts of digital voltage outer loop which includes voltage detecting circuit, A/D sampling, voltage controller, CAN bus communication, D/A conversion. The fourth part gives the power supply’current-sharing simulation effect in different conditions of light load, full load, load changing, reference voltage changing in the MATLAB/Simulink environment. The fifth part tests the power supply’current-sharing effect at different output current. The result of experiment shows that unbalanced degree is low than 5% either in the full load or in the light load. It satisfies the current-sharing requirements and it validates the feasibility of the parallel current-sharing scheme.更多还原