陕北地区秦昭王长城研究

【作者】 张海报；

【导师】 徐卫民；

【作者基本信息】 西北大学 ， 专门史， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 秦昭王长城是秦国灭掉义渠后,为防御北方游牧民族南下,在新得的陇西、北地、上郡北面修筑的一道军事防御工程。它是战国时期最著名的长城,涉及到秦国发展史、西北民族关系史、西北地区经济开发史等一系列历史问题,有较高的学术价值,受到历代史家的重视。秦昭王长城的线路一直是史家最为关注的问题,经考证和实地调查,陕北地区秦昭王长城先后历经吴起县、志丹县、靖边县、横山县、榆阳区、神木县。其中横山县境内秦昭王长城线路为全新发现,其他地区也都有新发现。通过实地调查也证实,榆林市境内的秦昭王长城基本和明长城并行延伸,极少存在沿用问题。这条长城在陕北地区基本走大小分水岭带及地形地貌过渡带,并尽量把河流纳入到长城内侧。秦昭王长城独特的构筑方式及相关防御设施在中国长城建筑史上占有一席之地。构筑方式方面,秦昭王长城除采用常见的夯筑和石砌法,还采用了颇具特色的三道堑构筑方法；防御设施方面,其墩台、烽燧、障城的构筑都有显著的特征。秦昭王长城是多种因素的产物,其意义表现在积极和消极两个方面。积极作用主要是保障了秦国疆域的安全、促进了民族融合、加快了西北地区经济、文化的发展；消极作用主要是造成了生态环境的恶化。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Great Wall of King Zhaoxiang of Qin state is a military defensive project which is built at the north of Longxi Prefecture, Beidi Prefecture and Shang Prefecture to defend the harassment from northern nomads. It’s one of the most famous great walls in Warring States period, referring to series of historical issues, such as the development history of Qin state, the ethnic relationship history and the economic development history in northern China and so on. Historians in successive dynasties think highly of it for its superior academic value.The route of the Great Wall of King Zhaoxiang of Qin state is an issue which historians concern most. According to research and field investigations, the Great Wall of King Zhaoxiang of Qin state passes Wuqi County, Zhidan County, Jingbian County, Hengshan County, Yuyang District of Yulin city and Shenmu County one after another. Among them, the route in Hengshan County is a totally new discovery, and there are also new discoveries in other regions. According to field investigations, the route of the Great Wall of King Zhaoxiang of Qin state in Yulin city parallels the Great Wall of Ming Dynasty, and the latter one hardly follows the previous one. The Great Wall in northern Shaanxi Province fundamentally winds along the great or small watersheds and the transitional zones of terrain and physiognomy, and it tries to encompass rivers in.The Great Wall of King Zhaoxiang of Qin state plays an important role in the Chinese Great Wall construction history because of its unique construction ways. Except for the usual rammed construction and stone-laying construction, the Great Wall of King Zhaoxiang of Qin state adopts a particular construction way of three trenches. And the construction ways of defensive facilities such as stone piers, beacons and barrier forts have their own prominent features.The Great Wall of King Zhaoxiang of Qin state is a product of various elements and there are both positive and passive aspects in the sense. The positive aspects are mainly the assurance of the territory safety of Qin state, the promotion of ethnic fusion, the acceleration of the economic and cultural development in northern China, and the passive one is mainly the deterioration of ecological environment.更多还原