【作者】 陈品馨；

【导师】 章传银；

【作者基本信息】 中国测绘科学研究院 ， 大地测量学与测量工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 GPS激光测距定位系统集成了GPS、激光测距仪、三维数字罗盘等模块,以GPS差分定位技术、三维数字罗盘测角功能与激光测距功能为依托,实现快速、主动、实时、大范围、无棱镜辅助的三维空间定位系统。它的优势是在目标点不可接触或难以接触的情况下,仍可对目标点进行定位。本文阐述了GPS激光测距定位系统的总体设计思路。GPS激光测距定位系统采集GPS数据、激光测距数据、三维数字罗盘数据,由GPS数据解算出流动点的三维坐标,结合激光数据和罗盘数据,以空间交会技术为手段,确定出目标点的三维坐标。本文的研究工作主要有以下几个方面:(1)介绍了GPS激光测距定位系统的硬件集成方案,详细论述了各模块组件的构成、特点及功能,介绍了GPS数据、激光测距数据和三维数字罗盘数据的输出格式及提取方法,论述了这三个模块与掌上电脑间的通讯技术。(2)重点介绍并实现了伪距单点定位和相位平滑伪距单点定位,详细阐述了单点定位的主要误差源,分析了伪距单点定位和相位平滑伪距单点定位各自的定位精度。研究了几种常用的周跳探测修复方法,对这几种方法进行比较,提出了一种适合该系统的周跳探测修复方法,既可以探测出大周跳,也可探测小周跳,并通过实例验证了方法的有效性。(3)研究了在获取不同测量信息的情况下,利用有效信息对数据质量进行控制及解算出目标点三维坐标的方法。总结了对实时获取数据进行质量控制的方法,给出了实时数据质量控制流程。编程实现了这些方法,分析实例证明了算法的可行性。更多还原

【Abstract】 The GPS laser ranging and positioning system is mainly composed of GPS, laser range finder and three-dimension digital compass, with the function of three-dimension spacial positioning quickly and actively. And it is real-time work and available in a large range with non-prism assistants. The design concept and its function of the system, together with the structure, characters and function of each module are discussed in detail in this paper. What is more, the data form and its reading methods are given. The communication technology among the three main modules and the computer is discussed in this paper. The coordinates of observation points can be calculated by the GPS laser ranging and positioning system through smoothing pseudoranges point positioning method with GPS data. Then the object point can be calculated by this system through several algorithms, with laser ranging data and three-dimension digital compass data.This paper mainly focuses on the following three parts:(1) Study on the composition of GPS laser ranging and positioning system. It discusses in detail the structure, character, and specific function of each module. Meantime, this paper gives the data form of GPS module, laser range finder and three-dimension digital compass.(2) Focus on the principles of pseudorange point positioning method and smoothing pseudoranges point positioning method, analyze and compare the positioning precision with these two different methods. Discuss the main error sources of pseudorange point positioning method. Put forward a proper cycle-slip processing method, and the result indicates that the cycle-slip can be rapidly and accurately detected and repaired by this method..(3) Discuss real-time quality control method and real-time data disposal method, develop programs with FORTRAN language to realize these algorithms.更多还原