【作者】 朱建桥；

【导师】 李晓杰；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 应用与实验力学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 在反恐行动及各种紧急情况下,必须瞬间破除建筑物的门或墙体,为作业人员快速进入室内创造条件。便携式聚能装药穿墙弹具有体积小、重量轻、侵彻效果好的特点,多发弹组合使用能有效破除砖墙障碍,该穿墙弹研制成功后可装备至防暴警察及特种部队。利用聚能射流侵彻金属及非金属介质在军事、工程爆破及民用方面得到广泛的应用,如大型线性切割器、石油射孔弹、串联战斗部系统、轻型弹丸等,聚能射流的速度梯度、质量分布、形状大小均可通过流体力学计算模型及模拟软件得出,但由于聚能装药问题的复杂性,至今还没有令人满意的爆轰驱动药型罩的一般理论。目前对聚能装药的研究内容主要集中在优化和提高性能上,数值方法广泛应用于聚能装药的结构设计、优化及材料选择等。本文简要介绍了聚能装药的基本理论和国内外的研究现状,利用ANSYS/LS-DYNAl1.0有限元分析软件对各种穿墙弹侵彻目标介质进行了模拟,采用多物质ALE算法,用三维实体单元划分网格,墙体的材料为混凝土,混凝土可采用弹性与塑性动力学、H-J-C、弹性损伤3种模型,模拟了射流和杵体的形成、侵彻、堆积及墙体的破碎,对各类介质的侵彻孔径进行了对比分析,将模拟数据与射流质量、速度、侵彻深度理论计算结果进行了逐一验证,并对穿墙弹的炸高、质量比、开口口径、装药形状、药型罩壁厚等进行了设计优化,在保证穿墙效果的情况下,确保射流利用率最高、装药结构合理、装药质量最少、弹体积最小。穿墙弹采用收敛性塑性炸药、圆锥形紫铜药型罩、pvc外壳、非电导爆管雷管引爆系统,锥角分别为60°、90°、120°,进行了两次单发穿墙弹的实验,用于检验穿墙的深度和裂纹扩展情况,为组合实验提供数据。在组合实验中,穿墙弹呈圆形布置,圆的中间布置一个悬空的药包,此药包用水作为传压介质,分段起爆,根据侵彻效果,修改弹的位置、间距。更多还原

【Abstract】 In anti-terrorism operations and all kinds of emergency situations, it is very necessary to remove obstacles of the building doors or walls in an instant. So personnel responsible for security can quickly enter the room. Portable shaped charge shells has the advantage of small size、light weight、well penetration effect、safety of usage. Combined use of several such shells can effectively get rid of brick wall barriers. The small shells can be equipped with the anti-riot police、special forces.Shaped charge jet penetration of metal and non-metallic media is widely used in the military、engineering、and civilian aspects of blasting, such as the large linear shaped charge cutter、perforator of shaped charges in the exploitation of petroleum、tandem warhead system、light projectiles and so on. With hydrodynamic models and simulation software, we can calculate the gradient of speed within a Shaped Charge Jet、mass distribution、shape and size. Because of complexity of shaped charge, there is no satisfactory general theory of detonation driven liner. Research on shaped charge mainly focused on aspects of optimizing and improving performance. The numerical methods are widely used in structural design of shaped charge、optimization、material selection and so on.This paper tried to describe the basic theory of the shaped charge and research results at home and abroad. penetration through walls of various target media has been simulated with finite element analysis software of ANSYS/LS-DYNAl1.0.In this process we use multi-material ALE algorithm、three-dimensional solid element mesh、elastic and plastic dynamics material model、the Johnson-Holmquist Constitutive Model (JH-2).Constants are obtained for the model using existing test data which include both laboratory and ballistic experiments. We get formation of the jet and the pestle body、penetration、accumulation、broken walls. Through comparing the simulation results and theoretical results one by one. We Optimized the diameter of the shells、the height of explosive、quality of the charge. In cases with good penetration results, we ensure that the shell has the highest efficiency of jet utilization、reasonable charge structure、the quality of a minimum charge、Minimum size. The shells has convergence c-4 explosives、cone-shaped charge liner made up of copper、nonel tube detonator. We choose three different kinds of shells, their cone angle is respectively 60°、90°、120°.Two sets of single-shell experiments have been conducted, which is mainly used for testing the depth of penetration、cracks of the wall and Providing data for the combination experiments. In the process of the combination experiment, eight shells was a circle arrangement on the wall, there has a certain quality of explosives in the middle of circle, the explosives locate at the top of the wall and has a certain distance from the wall. It use of water as a pressure transmission medium. According to penetration effects, we modify the shells location、spacing.更多还原