【作者】 陈宗昊；

【导师】 项学敏；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 环境科学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 偶氮染料因其容易合成,性质稳定,颜色多样等优点被广泛应用于印染、化工等行业,占染料种类的80%以上。同时一些沿海印染、化工等企业将海水直接用作工业生产用水,导致大量含盐偶氮染料废水的产生。偶氮染料造成的污染,成为日益严重的环境问题。在众多偶氮染料废水处理的技术中,植物—微生物联合修复以其成本低,效果好,可进行原位修复等优势,越来越受到人们的关注。本论文首先考察了耐盐菌GTY在5%NaCl浓度下对偶氮染料酸性金黄G、酸性大红GR和酸性红B的脱色效果。发现GTY对三种偶氮染料的脱色效率由高到低依次为：酸性红B、酸性大红GR、酸性金黄G。GTY在厌氧条件下脱色较好,高溶解氧会严重抑制脱色效果,但在微量溶解氧条件下(DO值1.80左右),对GTY脱色影响不大,并且此溶解氧浓度下植物可以正常生长。然后考察了NaCl和上述三种偶氮染料对紫花苜蓿、田菁、盐角草和盐地碱蓬种子萌发的影响,实验结果表明紫花苜蓿和田菁对偶氮染料有较好的耐受性,但耐盐性较差；盐角草和盐地碱蓬对NaCl有较好的耐受性,但对偶氮染料的耐受性较差。根据四种植物的特性,考察不同的条件下的脱色效果。在5 g／L NaCl浓度下,紫花苜蓿对100、500、1000 mg／L偶氮染料的脱色率分别为70%、50%、30%；田菁的脱色率约为：30%、22%、9%。在添加GTY后,紫花苜蓿对100、500、1000 mg／L偶氮染料的脱色率分别提高约10%、7%、5%；田菁脱色率分别提高约：35%、20%、15%。在15 g／LNaCl浓度下,盐角草和盐地碱蓬对100 mg／L酸性金黄G和酸性大红GR脱色率在10%左右,对酸性红B脱色率在25%～45%之间。在添加GTY后,盐角草对偶氮染料的脱色率提高约33%；盐地碱蓬对偶氮染料的脱色率提高约39%。并且盐地碱蓬和盐角草脱色率提高的部分大于GTY单独对偶氮染料的脱色率,说明植物与微生物二者之间具有一定的相互促进作用。提取四种植物的根系分泌物,发现根系分泌物对GTY的生长均具有一定促进作用,并且根系分泌物的量越多,对GTY生长促进作用越大,从而间接提高其对偶氮染料的脱色能力。更多还原

【Abstract】 Because azo dyes usually have good stability and can be easily synthesized, they are widely used in textile and chemical industry. It is estimated that Azo dyes account for more than 80% of total dyeing stuffs. Meanwhile, more and more textile and chemical industries use seawater for producing process, a large amount of salty wastewater is discharged. The pollution of azo dyes is more and more serious. Compaired to traditional wastewater techniques, soil phytoremediation consistes of microorganisms and plants obtained more and more attention because of the low cost, high efficiency, and in-situ remediation.Firstly, salt-tolerant bacteria GTY was researched to three azo dyes (acid yellow G, acid scarlet GR, acid red B) decolorization under 5% NaCl concentration. And the decolorization rate of the three azo dyes was acid red B> acid scarlet GR>acid yellow G. The decolorization would be seriously inhibited when DO>7.00, but it had little effect on decolorization when DO≤1.80 and it was able to provide enough oxygen for the root of plants.Secondly, the effect of salt and azo dyes concentration on germination, root’s length in Medicago sativa L. (MSL), Sesbania cannabina Pers (SCP), Salicornia europaea L. (SEL) and Suaeda salas L. (SSL) were researched. Results showed that MSL and SCP could tolerance azo dyes, SEL and SSL could tolerance NaCl.According to the plant feature, decolorization of azo dyes by plants-GTY under different conditions was studied.The decolorization rates of 100,500,1000 mg/L azo dyes by MSL was about 70%,50%,30%; and the decolorization rates by SCP was about 30%,22%,9% under 5 g/L NaCl. While the decolorization rates of 100,500,1000 mg/L azo dyes by MSL-GTY Mutualism System raised about 10%,7%,5%; and the decolorization rates by SCP-GTY Mutualism System raised about 35%,20%,15%. The decolorization rates of 100 mg/L acid yellow G and acid scarlet GR by SSL and SEL was about 10% respectively, and the decolorization rates of 100 mg/L acid red B was 25%-45% under 15g/L NaCl. While the decolorization rates by SEL-GTY Mutualism System raised about 33% and the decolorization rates by SSL-GTY Mutualism System raised about 39%. The decolorization rates by GTY was only about 11%. So it is obviously that Plants-GTY Mutualism System enhanced the decolorization of azo dyes. Finally, the effects of plants’root extract on the growth of microorganisms were studied. Results showed that the root extract promoted the growth of GTY and increased its biomass. The increasing of decolorization mainly came from increasing of GTY by plants, so the root extract indirect enhanced the decolorization of azo dyes.更多还原