【作者】 段冶；

【导师】 王子彦；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 伦理学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 文化相对主义最初发端于一些西方学者对种族主义、文化殖民主义的反感和对经济发展相对滞后地区文化的理解与尊重,但这种理论的初始意义却在发展中国家发生了转换。在平等基础上理解与尊重的成分减少,排斥以至于敌视的成分增加,甚至成为发展中国家一些思考和行为狭隘保守、固步自封的理论依据。在我国,虽然基本未见有人标榜文化相对主义者,但在具体的文化发展观上,却或多或少隐含了这一意蕴。这种文化观不免成为阻碍我国文化发展的主要障碍之一。另外,文化相对主义又是一种文化决定论的价值多元论,会导致以绝对价值为内核的意义世界日益被遮蔽。在对这一理论的产生、形成、发展过程及其内容进行梳理和剖析的基础上,拙文首先肯定了其作为工具理性的积极意义,包括在一定程度上校正了西方文化最优论,并在全球化过程中对西方的文化话语霸权做出了抗拒。然后,本文对该理论的内在问题做了反思和总结,进而,本文特别从价值维度对文化相对主义的固有缺陷和现实流弊做了一些反思,并提出,如果要从根本上消除这些流弊,一定要恢复对绝对价值的敬畏,捍卫精神价值的至上性,并重建基于绝对价值的价值坐标系。最后,本文结合我国实际,根据本文的研究,针对如何在文化建设过程中正确对待其他文化,如何在文化交流中保证文化安全,提出了若干建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 Originally, from the disgust against racism, cultural colonialism and from the compassion with the culture of less developed countries, some western scholars started the theory of Cultural Relativism, but in developing countries, the theory’s significance has been changed: it shows less comprehension and respect on the basis of equality, but more exclusion and hatred. To some extent, for some thinking and doings in developing countries, cultural relativism becomes kind of theoretical basis for their narrow-minded conservation. In our nation, generally no direct abuse of the theory, but as an implication, it lies more or less in many specific views on cultural development. Obviously, this kind of view is one of the main obstacles blocking our nation’s culture developing, especially the modernization of political culture. Besides, cultural relativism is kind of value-pluralism of cultural determinism, which may increasingly obstruct the world of worth which cherishes unconditional values.Based on the arrangement of the theory’s origin, forming and development and the analysis on its subject matter, the dissertation firstly affirms its value as a kind of instrumental rationality, which, to a certain extent, corrects the theory of’western culture is optimal’, and rejects the discourse hegemony from western world in the process of globalization. Then, the dissertation summarizes the internal problems of the theory and furthermore reflects intrinsic flaws and practical abuses from the view of value, and on the basis of this, the dissertation argues that to eliminate the abuses radically, awe toward absolute values must be restored, the supremacy of spiritual values must be protected and value axis based on absolute values must be reconstructed.Finally, combined with our nation’s practical condition and based upon the above research results, the dissertation proposes several suggestions on how to treat other cultures in the process of cultural construction and how to ensure cultural safety in cultural communication.更多还原