【作者】 夏艳红；

【导师】 于思荣；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 材料加工工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究以Q235A热轧钢和HT250灰口铸铁为基体材料,采用搪瓷技术在其表面制备了陶瓷层,并对其瓷层的组成、烧制工艺参数进行了系统的实验和研究。利用日本理学D/Max2500X型X射线衍射仪对瓷层相组成进行了XRD分析;采用FM-700型（HV）显微硬度仪测量了搪瓷层的硬度;利用JSM-5600型扫描电镜对基体与瓷层界面、瓷层磨损形貌进行了观察;在OLS3000型激光共聚焦显微镜下记录了磨损表面的三维形貌;并分析了添加纳米级形核剂TiO₂后搪瓷层硬度、耐磨性能的变化;测定了搪瓷层的耐热振性和耐蚀性能。结果表明,瓷层的氧化物组成、烧制工艺参数（烧结温度、保温时间）对瓷层的表面形貌、厚度、相组成和微观形貌都有不同程度的影响,因此可以通过优化上述几项要素来制备性能优异的搪瓷层。另外通过对添加纳米形核剂试样的研究,了解到添加形核剂后相结构出现了新相NaAlSi₂O₆和AlK（P₂O₇）,耐磨性也得到了较大提高。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the advances in modern science and technology, We have higher requirements for the properties of the industrial materials. In the oil pipeline industry, because their poor working conditions, except the impact of fluid,they must also withstand the corrosion of the corrosive medium. So,It is required that the pipe wall material has not only good mechanical properties, but also corrosion resistance and wear resistance. It is difficult for pure metal to meet these requirements. The ceramic materials have high wear resistance and corrosion resistance, good high temperature stability, lowfriction coefficient, low thermal expansion coefficient, etc. Therefore, it is important to coat ceramic materials evenly on metal （or alloy） surface and obtain both the good mechanical properties of metal materials and excellent wear resistance and corrosion resistance of ceramic materials. The research has not only theoretical significance but also important useful value and has become another research focus.In this thesis, Our aim is to prepare enamel layer with low melting point on the surface of steel and iron in order to improve the wear and corrosion resistance of steel and iron surfaces. Excellent enamel was prepared by a dip method. The research contents are as follows:First, the steel and iron enamels were manufactured using various oxides as ceramic glaze components and iron and steel as the base. The effects of different sintering temperatures, sintering time, addition of nucleating agent TiO₂ on the production process, microstructure and properties of the surface enamel layers of the steel and iron were studied. The best sintering temperature, sintering time and the ceramic layer thickness were determined using orthogonal experiment after decarburization treatment.The results showed that after pre-decarbonization of the steel plate, the gas bubbles defects produced on the substrate surfaces during the firing were removed, and the effect of the gas holes on the latter properties was reduced. Under different sintering temperatures and sintering time, by macro-observation for the morphologies （smoothness, gloss, color, porosity, etc.）, the optimum firing temperature and sintering time were obtained, and they were 780℃and 8min, respectively.Second, the phases in the enamel layer were analyzed using D/Max2500X Type X-ray diffractometer; the microhardness of the enamel layer was measured using FM-700 Type vickers hardness tester; the bonded interface and wear morphology of the enamel layer were observed using JSM-5600 Type scanning electron microscope （SEM）.The results showed after adding nucleating agents, two new phases NaAlSi₂O₆ and AlK （P₂O₇） appeared in the enamel layer. Under the same sintering time, the addition of TiO₂ nucleating agent significantly increased the hardness of the enamel layer. Under the same firing temperature,the enamel hardness increased with increasing holding time. The adherence level between the enamel coating and the base metal was expressed using the ratioηof the interface length between enamel coating and base metal to the base metal length at unit length. The adhesion degree between enamel layer and the metal substrate increased with the increase of sintering temperature.Third, the wear resistance of ceramic layers was characterized using MG-2000 type tribometer, and the morphology of the worn surface was recorded using the JSM-5600 scanning electron microscope. The effects of the applied load and wearing time on the friction coefficient and mass loss of the enamel layer were discussed. The change of the wear resistance after adding nucleating agents TiO₂ was analyzed.The results showed that the friction coefficient reduced with increasing the load under different wear time. Under different loads, the friction coefficient increased with increasing the wearing time. The addition of nucleation agent TiO₂ significantly increased the friction coefficient of the enamel layer.Finally, the heat-resistant vibration of the enamel layer was determined according to national standard GB11419-89. The heat resistance was measured using the traditional method for measuring the softening point of ceramic, The acid and alkali resistances of the enamel layer were examined according to national standard GB4738.2-84.The results showed that the heat-resistant vibration temperature of the enamel layer is 420℃, the heat-resistant temperature is 690℃, and they are higher than those of the general industrial enamel required by the Ministry of Chemical Industry. Acid-resistant degree is 93.74%, and alkali-resistant degree is 95.45%.更多还原