【作者】 李志慧；

【导师】 池元斌；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 凝聚态物理， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 描述了一种快速制备高质量蛋白石光子晶体的方法,即等温热蒸发诱导自组装法,为快速制备完全带隙光子晶体奠定了基础。首先用种子生长法制备高质量亚微米级二氧化硅微球,与传统Stober法的区别在于：多次添加正硅酸乙酯；调控种子长大的生长条件；控制微球的数密度。对等温热蒸发诱导自组装法生长光子晶体的条件进行了研究,结果表明：该方法的关键条件是实验温度,当温度设定略高于溶剂(本论文用的是乙醇)的沸点时,蒸发的速度便会高于小球沉积的速度,保证了溶液对流,带动小球到达晶体生长前沿的位置,从而提高了晶体的生长速度。总结了该方法的优点：制备时间短,重复性高,对球的大小没有特殊限制。搭建了一台等温热蒸发诱导自组装法装置,并用该设备制备出高质量的蛋白石光子晶体,总结出光子晶体制备的适宜条件：蛋白石光子晶体的制备采用乙醇作溶剂,温度设定在79.2℃,二氧化硅微球的质量分数为2.0%-6.5%可制备质量较高的胶体晶体。扫描电子显微镜照片表明样品在较大范围内保持单晶面心立方密排有序结构,其(111)面与衬底表面平行。更多还原

【Abstract】 Preparation of isothermal heating evaporation-induced self-assembly of high quality, large area opal photonic crystals, for the preparation of high-quality basis.We prepare high quality silica microspheres by the seed grow method in this thesis. There are some difference between seeds grow method and traditional sol-gel method:the times of addition of TEOS changed from one to several; the growth conditions changes as the microspheres’ growth; control the number density of seed microspheres. To prevent the generation of doublet impurity. The aim of added TEOS in several times is adjust its hydrolysis and polycondensation rate, stabilize the grow rate of microsphere, to avoid new nuclear generation; control of growth conditions is to choose the most suitable growing conditions, It’s could effectively prevent the twin ball by control number density. We can prepare high quality submicron silica spheres by seed growth method.The roundness, monodisperse, narrow particle size distribution of the sphere is up to the mustard to produce photonic crystals.This article summarizes the rule of assembly of opal structure of colloidal crystal by the isothermal heating evaporation-induced method, and the conditions of isothermal heating evaporation-induced method to prepare opal structure of colloidal crystal:the temperature is a little more than the boiling point of solvent (ethanol) to sustain the ethanol evaporation rate faster than spheres sedimentation rate. keep the spheres in the disperse state.The aim is to keep convection flows in order to make spheres arrive at the Forefront of crystal growth.The advantage of isothermal heating evaporation-induced self-assembly method is:Preparation time is short, highly reproducibility, no special restrictions on the size of the ball.According to the principle of isothermal heating evaporation-induced self-assembly, we have built up a isothermal heating evaporation-induced self-assembly experimental device.The process of the growth is very rapid because the temperature of crystal growth set slightly higher than the boiling point solvents, so it could prepare colloidal crystal fast. It’s usually need 2-3days to prepare an area of 5cm×5cm alternating crystal by vertical deposition method, it’s only need 1-2hours to prepare a opal structure of colloidal crystal in the same area with this equipment and methods of the same area the time required, it’s greatly reduce the preparation time. It’s lay the foundation for prepare opal structure of colloidal crystal fast and massive.We prepared high quality opal structure of colloidal crystal by this equipment. And summarized the suitable conditions of prepare silica microsphere colloidal crystals:take ethanol as solvent, the temperature set at 79.2℃, silica microspheres mass fraction was 2.0% -6.5% to obtain high quality opal structure of colloidal crystal.The analysis of opal structure of colloidal crystal by scanning electron microscope show silica Microspheres arranged in order within a large area. We also discussed the factors affect the quality of opal colloidal crystal.更多还原