审美趣味与历史转向

【作者】 邢志强；

【导师】 高天民；

【作者基本信息】 中国美术学院 ， 考古与博物馆学研究， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 魏晋南北朝时期,中国政治混乱,文化环境复杂。学术起甚大变化,儒家衰微,老庄学说盛行,玄学占据了统治地位。此时之时风即为“清谈之风”。士大夫们围绕着言、意、象展开抽象学理的探讨。由人物品题发展而来的美学探讨也随之兴起,进而在人论、画论、书论、文论等艺事方面展开有意义的思辨和品藻。由魏晋时期积淀了带有“人格之自然化”倾向的品评语辞,进而在南北朝时期这种习尚发生了转化,以士夫为代表的精英阶层开始自觉地将“积淀”转向“自然之人格化”,并展开艺事品评。表现在书法方面的画论由齐梁间开始兴起,并且是围绕着“二王”而展开的,形成“王书书学系统”并构成了品评传统及融合儒、道文化精髓的“中庸”、“兼善”的品评观。随着儒家礼乐文化在齐梁间逐渐恢复,艺术“成教化,助人伦”的功能得以为皇室重视,至唐太宗“大王”书风演为书学正统,重视书法,科举考试要求“楷法遒美”,“皆得正详”,形成初唐时期的书法风潮,但“王政统治”而“倡儒学、树人伦”的潜台词是无法回避的,强有力的皇权推动,使得书法成为“礼法”之下的艺术。自魏晋南北朝以来,中国书法“楷书”书体演变的逐渐稳定,以及期间一些重要的书家所起到的推动作用,例如,欧阳询、虞世南等,由此唐代书法“尚法”风格形成。每一个语辞都可以被赋予很多不同的含义,有时一个语辞就有可能形成一种思维方式和认识事物的观念。本文希望借助语言行为学、史学以及社会学等考察方式能够进入书法史的内核中,进行有意义的思辨,对唐代书法“尚法”风格的形成进行探讨,并希望从中得到有益的收获,从中理解书法演变轨迹中“动人心弦”的点点滴滴。更多还原

【Abstract】 Wei and Jin Dynasty period, Chinese political was confusion, cultural environment is complicated. The academic since very big variety, Confucianism on the decline, the old Chuang theory was widely accepted, the metaphysics occupied a governance position. At this time this atmosphere called the Qing tan zhi feng. Scholar bureaucrats around the speech and idea, image launched the study of abstract academic theories. From person article development since then of the esthetics inquire into also immediately rising and then talk about at comments on figure and painting as well as book. The Wei Jin period accumulated to inclining the criticize language, which meant the nature of character turns, then this kind of vogue took place to convert during the period of South and North Dynasty. With scholar bureaucrats for the representative’s elite stratum started aware of self the ground converting direction the accumulated classical rule to nature of personify and launched to criticize matters. In painting of calligraphy tell about from the Qi and Liang period, and was a circumambience of Er Wang (Wang Xi Zhi and Wang Xian Zhi), which formed the Wang’s standard of calligraphy as well as culture views, such as a criticize tradition, fusion of Confucianism and Taoism inspirits, the benefit all people in the world. Along with Confucianism civility culture at Qi and Liang period gradual instauration, the function of art, which became the culture, helped ethical relation, could be imperial house’s value. Tang Taizong Emperior believed in the standard of Da Wang’s calligraphy to play to an orthodox tradition for calligraphy. The civil service examination requested Kai Fa Qiu Zheng and Jie De Zheng Xiang, which formed beginning period Tang’s calligraphy unrest, but under powerful emperor right pushed, made the calligraphy became the feudal ethical code and the legal system under the art. From Wei and Jin Dynasty, the Regular Script chirography turned into gradual stability, and in this period the push function had by some important calligraphists, for example, Ou yangxun, Yu shinan, etc., from here Tang’s calligraphy fashion formed.Each norm can be given a lot of different meanings; sometimes a norm probably forms an idea of mode of thinking and a conception of understanding thing. This text hopes to ask for help of language behavior, the investigation methods such as historiography and sociology etc. It can get into a calligraphy history inside pit and carry on meaningfully thinking and discuss on a study to the formation of the calligraphy still method style in Tang Dynasty, and hope to get beneficial enlightenment from it, from in the comprehension the calligraphy turn into a track a little bit moving intravenous drops.更多还原