【作者】 尹甲民；

【导师】 肖金明；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 法律， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 中小学教师惩戒权是一个长期以来备受争议且不容回避的问题。惩戒的存在具有历史性,“不打不成器”的古训和“戒尺惩戒”是其历史性的明证；惩戒的存在又具有现实性,它真实的存在于教师和中小学生之间。然而,由于缺少法律的有效规制,教师的惩戒目前却出现了很多问题,造成了恶劣的社会影响。一是教师惩戒权的滥用严重伤害了学生的身心健康；二是惩戒权的缺失难以控制顽劣,难以达成教育之目的。为了使我们的孩子健康成长,为了使我们的孩子养成良好的学习生活习惯,为了良好的教育目的之达成,迫切需要对教师的惩戒权加以有效的规制。这就需要给教师的惩戒权立法,用法律来有效的规制它的运行,这也是写这篇文章的目的和意义之所在。本篇文章除引论和结语外,共包括四个部分：第一部分论述了惩戒的涵义、特征及教师的惩戒权的双重性质。要给教师惩戒权立法,首先得清楚什么是教师的惩戒权,教师惩戒权的性质是什么?本文通过论述,同时借鉴劳凯声老师和王辉老师的观点,认为教师的惩戒权是教师在教育教学过程中依法拥有的对学生的失范行为进行处罚以避免失范行为的再次发生,促进合范行为的产生与巩固的一种权力,其权力的主体是教师,相对方是学生,客体是学生的违规行为。教师的惩戒权具有权力和权利的双重性质,但主要是一种公权力。教师的惩戒权是一种公权力就需要国家的明确授权,没有授权任何主体实施任何惩戒都是非法的。然而目前的教师惩戒学生事件却频频发生,这也是我们为教师的惩戒权立法的紧迫性之一。第二部分论述了教师惩戒权立法的必要性和可行性。目前给教师的惩戒权立法是必要的,因为惩戒滥用和惩戒缺失已经严重伤害了学生的身心健康,阻碍了教育目的之达成。给教师的惩戒权立法又是可行的,因为它符合人们的传统观念,符合国际人权保护的要求,具有合法合理性。第三部分论述了教师惩戒权立法的国内渊源和国外惩戒权立法成功的经验。教师惩戒权立法是有渊源的,既有中国古代的渊源也有现代的渊源,同时英国和美国等国家惩戒权立法成功的经验也为我们提供了借鉴。第四部分对教师惩戒权的立法提出了一些建议。本文认为在未来的惩戒权立法中,应明确教师惩戒权行使的原则,尤其是教育性原则作为其基本原则；同时应明确提出教育惩戒法律关系并明确其主体、客体、对象和行使方式；明确教师惩戒权行使的程序、监督措施和救济途径。更多还原

【Abstract】 The primary and secondary school teachers’instructive punishment power is a controversial and unavoidable problem for a long time. The existence of instructive punishment is historic, which is demonstrated by "spare the rod and spoil the child" and "the ruler punishment"; the existence of instructive punishment is realistic, which exists real between teachers and students. However, due to the lack of effective legal regulation, teachers’ punishment had many problems, caused the severe social influence. On one hand a teacher’s punishment abused seriously hurt students’ physical and mental health, on the other hand the loss of instructive punishment power is hard to control a bad character and hard to reach educational goal. In order to make our children to grow healthily, in order to make our children to develop good study habits, in order to achieve the goal of education, we need effective regulation to control teachers’ instructive punishment power. This requires to build legislation to effectively run teachers’instructive punishment power.The first part discusses the meaning and characteristic of instructive punishment and the teachers’ instructive punishment power is a compound of power and right.In order to build teachers’instructive punishment power law, we should first clearly know what it is, then know what nature it has? This paper, through referring to Lao Kai-sheng teachers’ and Wang Hui teachers’point of view, the teachers’ instructive punishment power is that teachers have right to punish students’ violations behavior and instruct students to develop proper behavior. The subject of teachers’ instructive punishment power is a teacher, the other is a student, the object is a student of irregularities. The nature of teachers’instructive punishment power is mainly a public authority, a kind of public power requires explicit authorization of the country, any person not authorized to implement any instructive punishment is illegal. However there are so many punishment to students from teacher, which is also the urgency of legislation for teachers’instructive punishment power.The second part discusses the necessity and feasibility of the teachers’ instructive punishment power legislation.At present it is necessary to give teachers’ instructive punishment power legislation, because of lack of discipline and punishment abused has hurt students’ physical and mental health, hindering the educational purpose. It is feasible to give teachers’ instructive punishment power of legislation, because it satisfies people’s traditional ideas, conforming to the international human rights protection, and has legally rationality.The third part discusses the teachers’ instructive punishment power legislation sources and the reference of foreign legislation. The teachers’instructive punishment power legislation has sources, the sources of ancient Chinese and modern, at the same time, foreign successful experience of teachers’ instructive punishment power legislation also provides a reference for us.The fourth part discusses Legislation proposals on teachers’instructive punishment power. In the future, the teachers’instructive punishment power legislation should make clear its principle, especially educational principle as the basic principle.In the teachers’ instructive punishment power legislation, we should give the clear concept about legal relationship of the teachers’ instructive punishment power and make it clear that its subject, object, the direct object, and supervision procedure and relief way are made in it.更多还原