【作者】 李静；

【导师】 魏国君；

【作者基本信息】 大连海事大学 ， 法学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 特殊与差别待遇是指在世界贸易组织中发展中国家成员在其权利享有以及义务履行方面的优惠待遇,这对于世界经济的平衡发展,尤其对于发展中国家成员的发展具有重要的作用与意义。经过发展中国家半个多世纪以来的不懈努力,特殊与差别待遇条款已成为WTO贸易体制中处理发展中国家问题的一项基本原则。然而在实际运用中,特殊与差别待遇条款的发展与执行状况却并不尽如人意。本文中,笔者通过运用历史的与法律逻辑的分析方法,并穿插了实证的研究方法把文章划分为四个部分,对特殊与差别待遇议题进行了论述。在文章的第一部分,笔者以时间为线索,以特殊与差别待遇各条款的产生为顺序,运用历史的分析方法来概述了不同时期特殊与差别待遇条款的特点,并对这些条款的内容进行了分析与论述；在文章的第二部分,笔者从法学角度分析了特殊与差别待遇条款存在及运用的理论基础。基于国际经济法中的公平互利原则、国际合作以谋发展原则,应坚持特殊与差别待遇的规定；基于国际法中条约必须信守原则,应赋予特殊与差别待遇强制约束力,使发展中国家成员能够通过争端解决机制来强制发达国家成员履行其所承诺给予发展中国家成员的优惠待遇；在文章的第三部分,笔者分析了现存特殊与差别待遇规定所存在的缺陷之处。主要论述了现存特殊与差别待遇条款“最大努力”性质的法律用词,使得相关条款缺乏法律的强制力；同时进一步分析了现存特殊与差别待遇的形式化特点,从根本上揭穿发达国家成员虚伪的面纱,如贸易新领域与旧领域开放程度的不平衡,过渡期条款的蒙蔽性,这些都显示出现存特殊与差别待遇条款的形式化特点。在文章的最后,笔者得出：我国在现阶段的多哈回合谈判中,应一如既往的坚持发展中国家的身份,利用新成员理论,积极推动特殊与差别待遇条款的硬化与发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Special and differential treatment refers to that developing country members can use it to enjoy a more favorable treatment in WTO when they fulfill their liability of international trading. The treatment could provide a balanced development of the world economy, as well as a progress of developing country members. After the developing country members’half of century’s tireless efforts, they successfully promote special and differential treatment as a basic principle to deal with issues involving developing country members in the GATT legal documents. However, in the practice, it is not satisfying to the development and implementation of the special and differential treatment.In this thesis, the author discusses special and differential treatment by historical and logical analysis methods from four different aspects.In the first part, the author introduces the origination of the more favorable provisions in a chronological order, and discusses the content and feature of these provisions. In the second part, the author analyses theoretical basis of WTO should draft and implement special and differential treatment from a law prospective. In the third part, the author analyses defects of implementation of special and differential treatment, mainly discusses the "best efforts" nature of the existing more favorable provisions, makes these provisions lack of legal enforcement power; Furthermore, the author analyses the formal characteristic of these provisions in order to expose hypocrisy of developed country members. In the last, the author make the conclusion:China should persist her developing country members’standpoint, and use "recently-acceded members" theory to negotiate with other members in the Doha round negotiation of WTO to promote the developing and hardening of special and differential treatment.更多还原