【作者】 李博；

【导师】 何向东；

【作者基本信息】 西南大学 ， 逻辑学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 指称理论是语言哲学的主要组成部分之一,对指称问题的研究成为推进语言哲学发展的一个重要动力。本文选取普特南指称理论为主要研究对象,一方面试图通过对普特南指称理论的研究,把握其理论的真正内涵及其理论贡献；另一方面,试图通过对指称理论背景及普特南指称理论的梳理,从整体上回顾和把握指称理论的发展过程和趋势。本文主要从以下三个方面进行论述：第一部分：对普特南指称理论的背景作介绍,首先介绍普特南思想演变的历史过程,从而在整体上对他的思维路径有一个初步的了解。另外,早期传统指称理论对普特南的指称理论的提出有着重要的影响,主要有三个代表人物的理论：弗雷格论涵义和所指、罗素的专名理论、塞尔的簇描述理论。克里普克和普特南这两位哲学家是在相对独立的环境下,提出了相似的因果指称理论。虽然普特南在初期没受到克里普克因果指称理论的影响,但本部分也对克里普克的专名指称理论作了详细的介绍,为第二部分介绍普特南指称理论提供一个对比的参照点。第二部分：结合普特南指称理论的几个例子,对其指称理论进行详细分析。首先从普特南对神秘指称理论的批判开始,分析其“钵中之脑”的假设。然后论证普特南提出的“语词所在语句的真值条件不决定语词的指称”、“指称与本质属性”和“关于理论名词的指称”等问题。最后,将所有分析回归至普特南所提出的历史因果指称理论,从而从总体上理解普特南指称理论的真正内涵。第三部分：在第一章和第二章对普特南指称理论总体把握的基础上,结合普特南时期以及以前各语言哲学家关于指称问题的观点和最新语言哲学的研究现状,对比指出普特南指称理论的不足之处,从宏观上对普特南的指称理论进行再思考,从辩证的角度来分析该理论的作用和影响。最后结合本人现在关于指称理论的研究,提出对普特南现有指称理论的修正方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 The theory of reference is of great importance to philosophy of language.The study on reference has become an important driving force in promoting the philosophy of language.In this thesis,the author selects Hilary Putnam’s referential theory.As his major study,the author tries on the one hand to grasp the content and attribution of Hilary Putnam’s referential theory;on the other hand,to grasp the development of the theory as a whole and to carry through to the end the insight that terms have definite meaning. This article discusses the following three aspects:The first part,Theoretical background on the Putnam introductory,First introduces the history of the evolution process of thinking Putnam,Thus the whole path of his thinking to have a basic understanding.Otherwise, the traditional theory of early Putnam alleged allegations put forward the theory has an important influence. Three main theoretical figure:Frege on meaning and meaning、Russell’s theory of special names、Searle’s cluster theory described. Kripke and Putnam that the two philosophers is relatively independent of the environment, made similar allegations of cause and effect theory. Although initially not be Kripke, Putnam causal theory of the alleged, but also on the part of the name of the alleged post-Kripke theory are introduced in detail, for the second part Putnam theory provides a point of reference for comparison.The second part, Theory combined with a few examples of Putnam, detailed analysis of the theory of his claim. First, from Putnam to the theories of criticism of the alleged mysterious beginning, Analysis of the "bowl in the brain" hypothesis. Then argues Putnam’s "words where the statement of truth conditions do not determine the alleged words"、"Reference and essential nature" and "On the theory of the term of the alleged"problems.Finally, all of the proposed return to Putnam’s theory of historical causation allegations, which in general understand the true meaning Putnam theory.The third part, In Chapters I and II of the Putnam theory based on the overall grasp, Putnam and the combined period of the previous language philosopher’s views on the allegations and the latest status of the philosophy of language, contrast that Putnam theoretical shortcomings, from a macro-theory on Putnam’s alleged re-thinking, from a dialectical perspective to analyze the role and influence of the theory. Finally, I present the theoretical study on the allegations put forward allegations against Putnam’s theory of the amendment of existing methods.更多还原