【作者】 王静；

【导师】 王兴尧；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 无机化学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 以二（2-乙基己基）磷酸（P204）、磷酸三丁酯（TBP）、伯胺（N1923）和叔胺三烷基胺（N235）为萃取剂，研究了盐酸溶解铝矿石模拟溶液“FeCl³⁺AlCl³⁺CaCl2+HCl”中的溶剂萃取除铁与载铁有机相的水热反萃。考察了萃取剂、稀释剂、模拟液中各组分的浓度、萃取时间、温度、相比等因素对铁铝分离的影响。结果表明，以TBP和N235为萃取剂萃取分离Fe³⁺与Al³⁺时，其效果远远优于萃取剂P204，N1923。以TBP做萃取剂，盐酸浓度为3mol?L-1时，Fe的一级萃取率可以达到84.57%，Fe³⁺和Al³⁺的分离系数为643.9；以N235做萃取剂，盐酸浓度为3 mol?L-1时, Fe的一级萃取率可以达到99.89%，Fe³⁺和Al³⁺的分离系数可达到1.59×105。以TBP和N235为负载铁的有机相，研究了反萃过程中水相的组成、温度、反萃取时间、相比等因素对氧化铁形成的影响，并对生成的氧化铁样品进行了XRD分析、TEM和SEM表征以及元素分析。XRD分析表明，在180℃时用1:5的氨水反萃取以TBP和N235为萃取剂制得的载铁有机相可得到结晶良好的α-Fe2O3。TEM和SEM的结果说明以负载铁的N235有机相制得的样品是粒度较为均匀的球形颗粒，元素分析可知其纯度在97.00%以上。与传统的分离工艺相比，本文采用溶剂萃取法从盐酸溶液中分离铁和铝，萃取流程不存在沉淀、澄清、过滤以及铁渣污染等问题，且具有分离效果好、流程短、有机溶剂可循环利用、节省成本等优点，除铁的同时又能转化为高品质的氧化铁产品，初步解决了酸溶铝土矿新工艺条件下铁和铝的分离及铁的回收利用这个难题，为将来的工业应用奠定了理论基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 The extractive separation of Fe and Al from the simulated liq uor ofFeCl³⁺AlCl³⁺CaCl2+HCl by bis（2-ethylhexyl） phosphoric acid（P204）,tributylphospha te（TBP）, Prima ry amine N1923 and trialkylamine（N235） and thehydrolytic stripping of Fe from the organic phase have been studied. Some factorsinfluencing the extractive separation of Fe and Al, such as extracta nt, diluents, ironconcentration in aqueous phase, extractive time and temperature, ratio of organicphase and water phase were investigated. The experimental results indica ted that theextracta nt TBP and N235 are much effectiver tha n P204 and N1923 for separation ofFe and Al. The extraction percentage of Fe is 84.57% in 3 Molar HCl, and theseparation factor of Fe3 +/Al³⁺ is 643.9. The extraction percentage of Fe is 99.89%, andthe separation factor of Fe3 +/Al³⁺ is 1.59×105 for N235 in the same conditions.Some factors influencing the stripping experiment, such as the composition insimulated liq uor, stripping temperature and time, ratio of organic phase loaded ironand water phase were investigated, and the samples were tested by XRD, TEM, SEMand element analysis. The X-ray powder diffraction patterns that the Fe2O3 powdersobtained from the organic phase loaed iron by TBP and N235 was well crysta llizedand composed ofα- Fe2O3. The TEM and SEM ima ges showd that the particles ofFe2O3 obtained from the N235 organic phase powers were spherical fine crysta llitesand the purity of the particles can get much tha n 97.00 percent.Compared to traditiona l separation technologica l, a whole extractive process forthe separation of iron（Ⅲ） and aluminum from hydrochloric acid was described. Itdoes not have so much complex problems，such as precipitation clarifica tion, filtering,leaching and scruff pollution. It has better separation efficiency, significa nt costsavings , simple process and organic solvents can be recycled. In this process, it madeiron into high-quality iron products removing iron at the same time. It resolved theproblem of separation of iron and aluminum and the recycling of iron first. Under theconditions of acid-soluble bauxite it la id a theoretica l basis for the practicalapplica tion in the future.更多还原