【作者】 顾营迎；

【导师】 姜印平；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 检测技术与自动化装置， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 随着国家经济建设事业的发展,各种大型钢构建筑越来越多。保障这些大型钢构建筑安全运营,对钢构建筑安全状况进行预警和监测具有重要的社会和经济意义。本文在对岩土工程中广泛应用的振弦传感器进行研究的基础上,设计一套钢构建筑安全监测预警系统。本钢构建筑安全监测预警系统采用分布式数据采集方式,由监测节点模块、中间子站和监控主站三个层次组成,具有对多种物理量进行自动数据采集、分析、显示、预警、存储和查询等功能。预警系统主站监测软件采用C#面向对象语言编写,应用了泛型、委托、组件化开发等多种软件开发技术,使软件具有操作方便简单,人机界面友好,可扩展性强,健壮稳定易于维护等特点。本文对振弦传感器的特性和工程应用进行研究,在此基础上创新的设计了监测节点模块硬件电路和控制程序,对振弦传感器的激振、拾振和测频系统也进行了新的设计。监测节点模块可以将多种传感器信号统一转换为频率信号,简化对传感器信号处理的过程,便于挂载多种形式的传感器,实现对监测节点的“立体式”监测。振弦传感器采用单线圈结构,并且应用光电管结合MCU进行振动信号反馈,不但简化了硬件电路,而且解除了激振和拾振中电磁干扰问题,提高了测量的精度和稳定性。激振中采用的扫频技术也使振弦的起振更加稳定可靠。该监测预警系统软件设计稳定可靠、功能齐全、界面友好具有很强的可靠性和可扩展性,节点模块和振弦式传感器设计中新技术的应用也使其测量结果具有很高的精度和抗干扰能力。该系统非常适合在野外环境对大型钢构建筑安全情况进行预警和监测,具有广泛的应用前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of national economic construction, all kinds of large-scale steel constructions were built.Protecting safe operation of these constructions and monitoring the safety situation has an important social and economic significance.In this paper,a steel construction safety monitoring and warning system is designed,which is based on the research of vibrating wire sensors.Vibrating wire sensors has a wide range of applications in the field of geotechnical engineering.The steel construction safety monitoring and early-warning system is a distributed data acquisition system, which consists of three levels.They are monitoring node modules,sub-stations and host.The system has a lot of functions such as data collection,analysis,display,warning,storage and query.The software of system is developed by the object-oriented language C# .The application of generic,delegate and component development technologies make the software has a lot of merits such as easy to operate,friendly interface,scalability,robust and easy to maintain.By researching the characteristics and engineering applications of vibrating wire sensors, the hardware circuit and control program of monitoring node modules is designed by an innovative method.In the mean time,vibrating wire sensor’s excitation,pick-up and frequency measurement system is designed by a new way.Through a unified interface of sensors the data process of the monitoring node modules can be simplified ,and easy to mount all kinds of sensors,achieveing“three-dimensional”monitoring.The vibrating wire sensors is single-coil structure and the vibration signal will be feedback through the phototube and MCU.This structure not only simplify the hardware circuit,but also solve the problem of electromagnetic interference which generated by the course of frequency’s excitation and pick-up,improve the measurement accuracy and stability of frequency.The application of sweeping frequency makes the vibration wire start-up more stable and reliable.The software of monitoring and early-warning system is stable and reliable,full-featured,user-friendly,which has strong reliability and scalability.The application of new technologies in the node modules and vibrating wire sensors improves the measurement accuracy and the ability of anti-interference.With a wide range of applications,the system is very suitable for monitoring the safety situation of large-scale steel constructins in the wild.更多还原