【作者】 刘红娟；

【导师】 刘明治；

【作者基本信息】 西安电子科技大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 拦截技术是军事制导领域的研究热点,也是精确拦截制导武器的关键技术。要拦截攻击各种飞行器,首先必须正确确定其飞行规律,正确预测下一时段的运动路径,对其进行正确的识别。其次必须有快速、准确攻击目标的最优制导律,从而以实现拦截目标的成功。首先,对于拦截目标的识别而言,本文以基于轨迹拟合的目标识别预测理论为基础,将目标识别问题转化为对预测模型参数进行优化搜索的问题,建立了目标识别方法。在MAS和神经网络的基础上结合空间目标识别跟踪原理,给出了将动目标分成远、近两阶段目标的预测识别描述。提出将目标状态按自由度划分,分别进行基于MAS的神经网络子网识别预测,利用MAS和神经网络的组网原理进行目标识别的思想,并对此进行仿真验证。通过对算例的仿真,验证了基于MAS和神经网络的目标识别预测算法的正确性和有效性。其次,拦截动力学模型建立与制导律的设计、求解是本文研究的另外一个主要内容。本文以拦截动力学理论为基础,首先介绍了拦截动力学及其几种制导律,并阐述了最优控制中的Pontryagin极小值原理,分析其优缺点及适用范围。在此基础上提出了一种拦截的新方法:即以拦截器和目标器的相对运动方程为模型,以最短时间、最少燃料消耗和最小脱靶量为综合性能指标,利用Pontryagin极小值原理进行拦截动力学制导律的设计求解。最后,给出三个典型算例,仿真结果验证了用Pontryagin极小值原理进行拦截制导律设计求解的正确性和有效性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Intercept technology is a research hot in the military guidance field. It is also the key technology of precision intercept guided weapons. To intercept and against all kinds of vehicles, it must first correctly determine the flight rules of guided weapons, correctly estimate the next movement path, and correctly identify it. Then there must be rapid and accurate optimum guidance laws of the target attacked, so as to successful interception target.Firstly, for intercept target identification, the paper bases on the synthesis position forecast algorithm theory, changes the target identification problem to search optimized parameters of forecast model, and gives the target identification method. It gives the forecast strategy description that the forecast divides into two kinds, the far distance target forecast and near distance target forecast based on the MAS and BP neural network and space moving target identification theory. The method dividing the target state by freedom degrees and forecasting by MAS and neural network subnet is proposed. Correctness and evaluated antigen are tested by the simulation of example.Secondly, the interception dynamics model establishment and design of guidance law is a main content in this paper. The paper introduces the intercept dynamics and several guidance laws. Discusses the Pontryagin minimum principle of the optimal control method, and analyzes their advantages and disadvantages and applicability firstly bases on the intercept dynamics. A new algorithm based on the Pontryagin minimum principle proposed: with the relative motion equation between target and interceptor as model, in the shortest time, minimum fuel consumption and minimum miss-distance for comprehensive performance index, intercepting dynamics guidance law is designed using the Pontryagin minimum principle. Finally, it gives three typical example, the simulation results verify the correctness and effectiveness of this method.更多还原