【作者】 李敬敏；

【导师】 付宗堂；

【作者基本信息】 中国地质大学（北京） ， 地图制图学与地理信息工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 地图注记是地图语言非常重要的一部分,是计算机地图制图和GIS制图中不可或缺的信息表达手段。没有注记的地图只能表达地物的空间概念,不能表达地物的名称以及相应的数量和质量特征。因此,地图上几乎每一个空间对象都有与其特征、级别、代表的数量相关的文字注记进行说明,可见文字注记的数量也是非常庞大的。通过对目前比较常用的地图制图和GIS制图软件进行总结分析,发现这些软件在地图注记方面提供的功能方式单一、工作流程繁琐。特别是国外的一些软件在功能上无法满足我国标准制图规范的注记样式要求,如无法实现表示水系的左斜字体,表示山脉的耸肩字型,尤其是对于地质行业的地质代号注记,更是束手无策。为解决以上问题,本论文从以下几方面进行研究,并提出相应的解决方案:(1)引入子类型概念,实现注记子类型的标准化渲染。通过注记子类型渲染方式,实现对于一个图层进行不同注记样式匹配,即使用多种注记样式进行地图注记的标准化渲染;(2)建立标准注记库。在详细分析和讨论了我国标准地图制图规范中地图注记的分类和注记样式的定义思路及方法的基础上,提出建立标准注记数据库,实现基于关系数据库的标准注记样式存储管理方法。(3)研究TrueType字型技术,解决现有制图软件无法实现我国标准制图规范中特殊字型的转换问题,如左斜、耸肩等,以及地质注记一个地质代号包含两种或多种字体、字型的问题;(4)设计面向对象的注记样式存储结构,解决现有制图软件注记与空间对象分离,管理不便的缺点;基于ArcMap平台开发DLL动态链接库,实现作者设计的标准注记库在已有GIS平台的调用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Annotation as a very important language of the map, is an indispensable means of expressing the map information in Computer-aided cartography and GIS. The map without annotations can just tell us the spatial location of the surface features. It can not express the surface features’name and characteristics in quality and quantity. Therefore, almost every spatial objects in the map has a annotation for expressing its characteristics, levels and numbers. So the number of the annotations in a map is very large.By comparing the software of Computer-aided cartography and GIS used frequently, we can get that the functions of annotation provided by these software are very clumsy and the operation is very complicated. Especially some foreign software can not satisfy the standard mapping requirements, such as the left oblique fonts marking water and the shrug fonts marking mountains can not be achieved. In addition to the annotation of geological code used by the geological industry, these software is helpless.To solve the problems above, this paper studies the following aspects, and gives the corresponding solutions:1) To achieve standardized annotation rendering, the paper introduces the concept of sub-type. By sub-type annotation rendering mode, we can achieved the target of the standardized annotation rendering in a layer using a variety of annotation styles.2) The author will build the standardized annotation database. After analyzing and discussing in detail how to realize the annotations’classification and the styles’definition in the standard cartography specification, the author builds a standardized annotation database to achieve the annotations’storage and management in relational database.3) By researching the TrueType technology, the author has solved the problem which the existing software can not satisfy the standard mapping requirements, such as the left oblique fonts ,the shrug fonts and the font issues which a annotation string include two or more fonts.4) The author designs the object-oriented storage structure to solve the problem that the annotation and the attribute are stored in different files and the management is not convenient. What’s more, the author develops the dynamic link library based on the ArcMap platform to achieve the design criteria of calling the annotation database in different platforms.更多还原