【作者】 骆林娜；

【导师】 吴为善；

【作者基本信息】 上海师范大学 ， 语言学及应用语言学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 汉语拥有非常丰富的词汇系统,在这个词汇系统中,有成语、惯用语等等。而类固定短语也是里面非常重要的一个组成部分,它处于单词和成语之间。而且虽然还是一种正在发展中的词汇现象,但是它在汉语中已经有很高的使用频率了。世界上的任何一种语言,都没有出现汉语这样的情况。在实际的语言应用中,类固定短语的使用频率越来越高,所以这部分词还是有很高的能产性的。而“没……没……”又是使用频率很高的一个格式,但是对它的研究成果很少。所以本文在汲取前人研究成果的基础上,专门针对“没……没……”这个格式进行研究分析,而后在前人研究的基础上对某些还未涉及或者涉及不深入的领域做进行考察和探索,目的就是希望可以深化对这个格式以至于这类格式的认识。希望能加深对汉语词汇的理解,从而能更好地使用汉语词汇。同时对对外汉语教学也是有一定的帮助的。第一章绪论部分。我们主要阐述了这篇论文的选题目的以及意义,整合理论和类固定短语的研究现状。通过对今年来国内外研究现状的考察,我们可以看出在现代汉语类固定短语的研究方面还有可突破的空间。同时这章还说明了本文研究的理论、方法和语料来源。清楚地认识绪论部分为我们对类固定短语“没X没Y”的介绍做了很好的铺垫。第二章我们对类固定短语“没X没Y”格式的结构特点和句法功能进行分析。首先把“没”的词性限定为动词,删去作为副词的例子。所以其中的X和Y就是名词性成分的。然后再从句法成分分析了“没X没Y”作为谓语、状语、定语、补语的四种成分。把这个格式的结构特点叙述清楚,对后面的描写和说明做了准备。第三章考察的是“没X没Y”格式的语义结构和语用分析。从内部的语义关系来看,X和Y可以分为名词、动词和形容词。它们之间的关系可以有相关的、相对的等等。从外部来考察,分为肯定的和否定的两大类。肯定的只有没日没夜、没早没晚、没白没黑三例。表示否定的内部比较复杂,笔者采用了大量的语料,对内部的语义关系做了解释和说明。在语用功能方面,分析了这个格式的特点和表达方面的功用。第四章从认知的角度把整合理论的背景交代清楚,包括整合理论的产生、它的四个心理空间、理论的在线构建、优化原则。说明了这些理论之后,通过例举实例来阐述这些理论在“没X没Y”格式中的应用。通过对这个理论的描写和说明,一方面把这一结构分析得更透彻,另一方面为下一章的整合度高低分析做了铺垫。第五章我们分析了“没X没Y”格式四个等级的整合度,首先对列举了属于每个等级的“没X没Y”的四字格词语,接着对每一个等级的“没X没Y”的语义和句法方面的特点进行了分析研究,再通过大量的语料和实例来证明以上的分析。第六章对考察的是“没X没Y”格式的形成和发展,从“没”的语法化、“没X没Y”格式形成的时间及其发展动因做了考察分析,并结合韵律框架的催化效应研究了“没X没Y”发展的原因。阐述了“没X没Y”和“有X有Y”的不对称性。从而更加深了对这一格式的认识。第七章结语部分对整个论文的分析说明做了总结,说明了本论文对汉语语法发展和教学方面的价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Chinese has a very rich vocabulary system, in this system, it includes idioms, phrases and so on. It also includes the quasi-set phrases, which are the very important part in it, it is between the idioms and words. Although it is a developing word phenomenon, it already has a high frequency of use in Chinese. There is no such a situation in any language in the world. In the practical application of language, quasi-set phrases are used with an increasing frequency, so this part still has a high productivity. And“mei…mei…”is also used with a very high frequency. However, it there is little research on it. Therefore, this paper draw on the basis of previous research results, we do a research and analysis on this format of“mei…mei…”specifically. Then we on the basis of previous studies do some study and exploration to the areas which have not related to or involved in. This aim is to make a deep understanding of this format. We hope to deepen the understanding of Chinese vocabulary, so that we can have a better use of Chinese vocabulary. At the same time, it also has some help to learn a foreign language.Chapter one is the introduction part. It introduces the purpose and meaning of this paper, the current situation of the research on integration theory and class fixed-phrase. Through the study at home and abroad this year, we can find that there is still a breakthrough space on the quasi-set phrases. This part also includes the theory, methods and source corpus of this paper. A clear understanding of the introduction makes a good bedding of this paper.Chapter two makes an analysis to this format of structural features and syntactic function. First,“mei”is limited to verb, and delete the examples of adverbs. So, X and Y are the nominal composition. Then we analyze the four elements of predicate, adverbial, attributive, complement from syntactic component. We have a clear understanding of the structural features, which make preparations for description and explanation.Chapter three is an investigation of semantic and pragmatic of“mei…mei…”. From the inside semantic relationship, X and Y can be divided into nouns, verbs and adjectives. The relationship between them can be related, relative, etc. To examine from the outside, it is divided into positive and negative. There are only three examples of“mei ri mei ye, mei zao mei wan, mei hei mei bai”from the positive point. In the internal, it is very complex, the author uses a large number of corpus, we make an explanation and clarification of the semantic relations. In the pragmatic function, we analyze the characteristics of this format and expression function. Chapter four introduces the background of integration theory from the cognitive point of view. It includes the generation of integration theory, its four psychological spaces, the theory of line construction and optimization principles. After the description of these theories, we illustrate some examples to elaborate the application of“mei…mei…”, by the description and explanation of this theory, on the one hand, we can make a more thorough analysis of this structure, on the other hand, it makes a groundwork for the next chapter of the level of integration.Chapter five, we analyze the four levels of integration of“mei…mei…”format. First, we list four-character word that belongs to each class. Then we analyze the semantic and syntactical characteristics of each level of“mei…mei…”. At last, we through a large number of corpus and examples to prove the above analysis.Chapter six is focused on the formation and development of“mei…mei…”.From the grammatical process of“mei”, we do the inspection analysis of the time of formation and development of“mei…mei…”format. And we study the reason of development of“mei…mei…”that combines with rhythmic framework of the catalytic effect. We illustrate the asymmetry of“mei…mei…”and“you…you…”to deepen the understanding of this format.Chapter seven makes a conclusion of the paper. We hope that this study can describes the development of Chinese grammar and teaching value.更多还原