【作者】 颜军；

【导师】 张弓；

【作者基本信息】 南京航空航天大学 ， 电路与系统， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 多输入多输出(MIMO)雷达是国际上近几年发展起来的一种新概念雷达体制,有着广泛的应用前景。该雷达系统结合了多信号技术和阵列技术,主要利用空间分集技术对抗目标RCS (radar cross section)闪烁以提高雷达性能。本文首先对MIMO雷达概念和发展过程作了简单描述,对MIMO雷达系统原理作了详细介绍,在此基础上分析了理想条件下的收发全分集MIMO雷达在高斯噪声和杂波背景下的检测性能,并在单脉冲检测情况下就其检测性能与传统相控阵雷达以及MISO(多输入单输出)、SIMO(单输入多输出)雷达作了比较;由于形成完全独立空间分集在工程上有较大的难度,本文利用接收信号协方差矩阵的特征值分析方法,对非理想条件下的MIMO雷达的单脉冲检测性能展开研究,并在此基础上简单讨论了不同天线阵列配置对MIMO雷达系统性能的影响。分布式小卫星的工作模式为实现MIMO雷达的天线阵列布局提供了有利的条件。结合分布式小卫星的协同工作和MIMO雷达的多发多收特点,本文提出了一种基于分布式小卫星的MIMO雷达系统概念;并结合Cartwheel和Pendulum卫星编队模型,分析了基于分布式小卫星平台MIMO雷达的检测性能,研究了分布式小卫星平台的运动对雷达检测性能的影响,探讨了基于分布式小卫星的MIMO雷达系统的可行性。本文利用Capon波束形成技术在MIMO雷达接收端对目标进行方位角估计,并利用Cramer-Rao界对测向性能进行评估。仿真结果表明,MIMO雷达在定位正确性上有显著优势,采用空间分集配置的阵列发射正交信号的MIMO雷达对目标有最好的测向效果。更多还原

【Abstract】 Multiple Input Multiple Output(MIMO)radar is a new radar technique developed recently.In order to improve the radar’s performance, this radar system capitalizes on the spatial diversity against target RCS scintillations, combined the multi-signal technology and array technology.After a brief description of MIMO radar concept and its development, the MIMO radar system is introduced in detail in this thesis, firstly. Then it analyzed the target detection model of MIMO radar, and introduced SISO、SIMO、MISO, phase array and MIMO radar’s detection probability based on Neyman–Pearson criterion under ideal conditions. Then it conducted a study on MIMO radar’s detection probability with eigenvalue of receiving signal’s covariance matrix in non-ideal conditions. In addition, it discussed the influence on the performance of MIMO radar under different configuration of antenna array.The mode of DSS (Distributed Small Satellite) provided suitable configuration for the MIMO radar to realize antenna array distribution. Combined with DSS’s cooperative work and MIMO radar’s MIMO feature, this thesis proposed a conception of DSS-based MIMO radar system. Combining with Cartwheel and Pendulum’s formation model, it analyzed MIMO’s detection performance based on DSS platform, researched the impact of DSS platform’s moving on radar’s detection performance, and discussed the feasibility of DSS-based MIMO radar system.In addition, this thesis also elaborated on direction finding of MIMO radar based on Capon algorithm. The direction finding performance is evaluated on the Cramer-Rao bound of the meansquare error. It is shown that MIMO radar leads to significant performance advantage in DF accuracy. It has the best direction finding performance while the MIMO radar transmitting orthogonal signal using antenna array with space diversity configuration.更多还原