【作者】 刘濂；

【导师】 董相廷；

【作者基本信息】 长春理工大学 ， 无机化学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 随着环境污染的加重,环境保护引起了人们越来越多的关注。半导体光催化降解有机污染物是一项节能、清洁,具有广阔应用前景的新兴技术。由于单组分的半导体对太阳光的吸收效率低,光催化活性不高,所以有关半导体光催化剂的改性研究成为人们研究的热点之一。本论文中采用同轴静电纺丝技术制备出了SnO₂@TiO₂同轴纳米电缆,SnO₂@ZnO同轴纳米电缆;采用静电纺丝技术制备了SnO₂/TiO₂复合纳米纤维,SnO₂/ZnO复合纳米纤维,SnO₂/ZnO复合纳米带;采用TG-DTA,FTIR,XRD,FESEM,TEM,EDS等分析测试手段对样品进行系统地表征。结果表明:纳米电缆的直径为100nm-300nm;纳米纤维直径为100-300nm;纳米带的宽度为2-6μm,厚度为240-600nm。以甲基橙、罗丹明B和感光废液为降解目标产物,研究了SnO₂@TiO₂和SnO₂@ZnO同轴纳米电缆、SnO₂/TiO₂和SnO₂/ZnO复合纳米纤维和SnO₂/ZnO复合纳米带的光催化活性。并重点探讨了同轴纳米电缆光催化过程中影响光催化效果的因素。结果表明,催化剂的浓度和焙烧温度对光催化性能有一定影响。通过对样品的UV-VIS分析表明,五种光催化剂对不同降解物均表现出一定的光催化活性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Environmental protection has attracted more and more attention from the people with the increase of enviromental pollution. Semicoductor photocatalytic degration of organic pollutants is a new technology with energy-saving, pollution-free and wide application prospects. Single-component semiconductor possesses poor photocatalytic activity owing to its low efficienty for absorbing sunlight. Therefore, the modification of semiconduct photocatalyst has become one of the popular reseach subjects.In the dissertation, SnO₂@TiO₂ coaxial nanocables and SnO₂@ZnO coaxial nanocables were fabricated via coaxial electrospinnning. SnO₂/TiO₂ composite nanofibers SnO₂/ZnO composite nanofibers and SnO₂/ZnO composite nanobelts were fabricated via electrospinnning. The samples were systematically characterized by SEM, TEM, FTIR, XRD, TGA-DTA. The results show that the diameter of the prepared coaxial nanocables ranged from 100nm to 300nm, the diameter of the prepared composite nanofibers ranged from 100 nm to 300nm, the width of the prepared composite nanobelts ranged from 2μm to 6um. the thickness of the prepared composite nanobelts ranged from 240 nm to 600nm.The photocatalytic activities of prepared SnO₂@TiO₂ coaxial nanocables, SnO₂@ZnO coaxial nanocables, SnO₂/ZnOcomposite nanofibers, SnO₂/TiO₂ composite nanofibers, and SnO₂/ZnO composite nanobelts were studied by taking methyl orange, rhodamine B. photographic waste liquid as degradation agents, respectively. The factors of affecting to activity were systematicaly invesitigated by using the coaxial nanocables as photocatalysts. The results showed that concentration of the catalyst, calcination temperature had some influences on photocatalytic properties. By the analysis of ultraviolet and visible spectra （UV-VIS） of the samples, it was found that all the five kinds of photocatalysts exhibited certain photocatalytic activities for the different degradation agents.更多还原