【作者】 彭鹏；

【导师】 孙延鹏；

【作者基本信息】 沈阳航空工业学院 ， 信号与信息处理， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 当前,随着处理器技术、存储器技术、数据采样和传输技术的飞速发展,现代工业测量领域中的仪器仪表已经从传统意义上的显示测量数据发展成集液晶显示屏、触摸面板、控制单元、数据存储等单元为一体,具备操作控制、状态监控、数据存储、报表打印、网络通讯、视频监控等功能的强大人机界面。但是目前工控领域中使用的人机界面大多属于设备专用人机界面,其软硬件均是为某一具体应用而定制的,这无疑增加了工业控制系统的开发和维护成本。开发运行于嵌入式系统的支持组态功能的通用型人机界面是工业控制提高产品质量、降低开发成本、缩短开发周期的必然趋势。本文根据课题需要,引入嵌入式技术,设计了一种基于ARM的通用仪表显示组态软件平台,该系统以S3C2440微处理器为核心,具有显示功能强、功耗低、成本低、使用灵活、适用范围广等优点,相比于传统的大型工控机或工业PC,该软件平台不仅能完成所需要的显示功能,而且极为便携,使用时只须外接数据采集模块到平台预留的通道接口上即可按组态设置显示各通道信号。论文的主要工作包括:硬件方面选用ARM 9微控制器、外围电路和接口的设计及实现;软件方面尝试将嵌入式Linux作为系统平台,并选用了嵌入式图形系统Qt作为图形开发工具,内容包括嵌入式Linux系统的实现,其中包括搭建嵌入式Linux开发平台(主机和目标机),裁减定制嵌入式Linux内核,设计与实现本机BootLoader,创建、配置YAFFS根文件系统;实现AD采样驱动;搭建Qt/Embedded开发环境,移植Qtopia、Qt界面图像显示程序等,实现了嵌入式系统上数据实时采集及显示功能,能针对各种不同的测量场合灵活调整显示手段,以最佳的方式将所需测量的数据展现在现场工作人员面前,便于快速准确决策。由于系统最终是要在开发板上运行的,因此论文也给出了嵌入式Linux和Qt的移植方法。最后对该嵌入式软件平台进行了应用测试和评价,给出了人机界面最终效果,并对课题的后续工作进行了展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 Currently,the measuring instruments in the field of modern industrial measurement has made great development from the traditional sense of measuring and displaying the result of signals or variables into a powerful Human Machine Interface which is composed of the part of liquid crystal displays, touch panels, control units, data storage units and others, and is provided with the function of operational control, status monitoring, data storage, report printing, network communications, video surveillance and so on following with the rapid development of processor technology, memory technology, data sampling and transmission technology, as well as the A/D,D/A technology. But at present the man-machine interface devices which used mostly in field of industrial control currently are almost designed specifically both in the part of hardware and the software, which increase the costs of industrial control system development and maintenance obviously. So, the main trend of improving product quality, reducing costs of development and shutting down the development cycle of inevitable for industrial control should be new and general-purpose man-machine interface which works on the embedded systems and supports for configuration online. Based on the needs of subject in this paper, we designed a general-purpose instrumentation display software platform configurable based on ARM which uses the S3C2440 microprocessor as core and will be well known for the advantages including powerful display function, low power consumption, low cost and applicable for a wide range. Compared with the traditional large-scale Industrial Computer or, it is not only able to satisfy the display capabilities, but also very convenient, the only thing needed to do for using the platform is to connect the external data acquisition modules to the channel interfaces saved for AD, and then you can set the display models based on the signals and the channel in witch the signals get in.The main works in this paper are as follows: compare and choose the ARM 9 micro-controllers as control core, design and implement the peripheral circuits and interface in the part of hardware; for the software we tries to use the embedded Linux as system platform and introduce the embedded graphics systems Qt for the graphical development tool. The work such as design and implementation of embedded Linux system which has it’s own jobs like building embedded Linux development platform, reducing of customizing Linux kernel, designing and implementing BootLoader, creating and configuring root file system cramfs, the achievement of A/D sample driver, the construction of Qt/Embedded development environment, the transplantation of Qtopia and the design of Qt interface image display program is also included in this paper. Both the hardware and software are designed for only one purpose, that is the implementation of real-time collection and display functions and can be configured flexiblely on line with a variety of different measurement occasions in order to display all the data in their best means for decision-making by staffs who use the platform in the field. Since the system will be running on the development board, the methods of transplanting Linux and Qt to the board are also gave out in the paper. The last is the application testing of the embedded software platform, the final results of the Human Machine Interface, the evaluation and the prospect of the follow-up works in the future.更多还原