【作者】 徐进；

【导师】 李学民；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工程大学 ， 动力机械及工程， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 为解决能源和环境问题,国内外相继开发了多种电子调速系统。这些调速系统大都采用PID控制技术,它虽然具有结构简单、可靠稳定等特点,但它不能有效克服负载、模型参数的大范围变化,且存在PID控制参数优化困难及其非线性因素的影响。本文在广泛阅读文献的基础上,采用自适应PID控制方法对涡轮增压柴油机电子调速系统进行了模拟研究和分析。综述了自适应控制的发展历程及现状,介绍了两种成熟的自适应控制系统：模型参考自适应系统和自校正控制系统,说明了自适应控制系统的设计要求。在分析了经典PID控制算法基础上,描述了自适应PID的优点及不同的自适应PID控制类型。针对Widrow-Hoff算法和单神经元算法,设计了两种自适应PID控制器,实现了控制参数的在线自整定。以MATLAB/Simulink软件为平台,根据涡轮增压柴油机各部分的工作原理,搭建起一个涡轮增压柴油机的准线性控制模型；根据电控调速系统各部分的工作原理,建立了调速系统各部分的模型,为控制器的验证提供了一个良好的仿真环境。对涡轮增压柴油机和整个电控调速系统进行了仿真研究,分析了仿真结果。仿真结果表明,基于Widrow-Hoff算法的自适应PID控制可以用于柴油机的调速控制,并具有PID参数自动优化和对工况变化的自适应特性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Many electronic speed control systems have designed for the resolvation of energy and environment problems.These speed control systems use the PID-control mostly.Although the PID-control has a simple structure and stabilization,it still supports the change of load and model parameter, PID parameters not be optimized easily and nonlinear factor.This article makes a simulation research about the electronic speed control system of a turbocharged diesel engine with the self-adaptive PID control.The main content of this article is given as follows:The development and present state of self-adaptive control are summarized.Two kinds of self-adaptive control system, model reference adaptive control and self-proofread control system are introduced.And the article illuminates the design request of self-adaptive control system.Based on the analyze of PID control algorithm, the article describes the advantage of self-adaptive PID and different types. With the using of Widrow-Hoff algorithm and single neuron algorithm,two kinds of self-adaptive PID controller are designed.The control parameter can adjust itself on line.Using MATLAB/Simulink as the simulation tool, a mean value model of the turbocharged diesel engine is given according to the performance principle of diesel engines.The speed control system is also modeled according to the performance principle of the speed control system.The simulations are performed respectively based on the models of the turbocharged diesel engine and the entire speed control system. Finally,the simulation results are analyzed.The results show that the self-adaptive PID algorithm can be used to control diesel speed and it has the speciality of optimizing PID parameters automatically and adapting when work situation changed.更多还原