构建生态经济系统与反贫困目标的实现

【作者】 胡涛；

【导师】 龚晓宽；

【作者基本信息】 贵州大学 ， 政治经济学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 促进环境与经济相互协调,实现可持续发展,是我国的国家发展战略。中共十六届三中全会提出了“五个统筹”的发展要求,即:“统筹城乡发展、统筹区域发展、统筹经济社会发展、统筹人与自然和谐发展、统筹国内发展和对外开放”。我国自改革开放以来,在改善生态环境方面和消除贫困人口方面都取得了举世瞩目的成就,但是在生态建设和反贫困统筹发展方面仍然存在很大的差距,主要表现为:在我国的贫困人口集中分布在西部省份的农村,有的已经陷入生态环境恶化和更加贫困的恶性循环,有的生态环境良好,但是未能有效合理利用当地良好的生态环境脱贫致富。本文所探讨的,就是以贵州省贫困山区为例,研究如何通过建立生态经济体系使当地居民摆脱贫困,从而走上可持续发展之路。人的生存质量、经济发展能力和其生活的生态环境密切相关,或者说二者的关系就是相互影响,相互制约的。在贵州省占贫困人口的90%的农村贫困人口中,主要集中在喀斯特地理地貌的深山区、石山区、高寒山区和少数民族聚居的地区,由于这些地区农业耕作条件差、交通闭塞、文化落后、人口素质低等历史和现实原因,历来都是贵州省扶贫工作的重点和难点。在这些贫困山区,由于贵州省独特的喀斯特地理地貌特征和该地区居民的生产生活方式,在生态条件上既有石漠化、水土流失等现象严重的地区,也有仍然保持良好生态条件但其居民仍然贫困的地区。基于贵州省贫困山区的发展现状、生态条件,笔者在论文中将运用生态经济学的相关知识和通过实践调查取得的资料,探讨如何在贵州省贫困山区通过建立生态经济系统,尤其是大力发展生态农业,使当地居民获得持续经济增长能力,从而在根本上摆脱贫困。更多还原

【Abstract】 To improve intercooperation between environment and economy and realize sustainable development is China’s national development strategy. On the Third Plenary Session of the Sixteenth Central Committee, development requirement of maintaining "five balances" was brought out, that is, balancing urban and rural development, development among regions, economic and social development, development of man and nature, and domestic development and opening up to the outside world. This paper discusses on how to establish an eco-economic system to help the local to shake off poverty and take a sustainable development way by taking Guizhou Provincial poor mountain area as the example. People’s living quality and capability for developing economy has close relationship or interact with ecological environment they live in. The rural poor population which covers 90% of the poor population in Guizhou Province mainly distributes in karst mountain area, stony mountain area, high and cold mountain area and ethnic minority area with poor agricultural conditions, undeveloped transportation, backward culture and low population quality where have long been the key and difficult points of poverty relief work of Guizhou Province. In these poor mountain areas, since unique karst geological and geographical features of Guizhou Province and production and living way of local habitants, there are not only areas with serious stony deserts and water and soil losses but also areas with good ecological conditions but with poor economy. Based on the present development situation and ecological conditions of Guizhou Provincial poor mountain area, applying related knowledge of ecological economics and data achieved by practical investigation, the author discusses on how to help locals to win the capability for sustainable economic growth and eradicate poverty by establishing eco-economic system in Guizhou Provincial poor mountain area, especially by striving to develop ecological agriculture.更多还原