贵州省火力发电负外部性问题研究

【作者】 翁晓荔；

【导师】 龚晓莺；

【作者基本信息】 贵州大学 ， 公共管理， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 外部性理论是经济学中最基本、最重要的理论之一,一百多年来,其内涵和外延不断被丰富和拓宽。今天,环境保护、生态和谐和可持续发展越来越为人们所重视,对外部性理论的研究也越来越广泛、深入,外部性理论更多地被国内外学者用于解决现实生活中的各种问题。火力发电是21世纪推动贵州经济发展的主要支柱产业之一,其近年来的快速发展在加速贵州经济总量显著增加、经济效益明显提高的同时,也带来了资源供应紧张、环境污染加重等负面影响。本文首先对外部性理论中的庇古税和科斯定理进行了阐述,并根据火力发电负外部性的特点给出了火力发电负外部性的概念,其次用大量翔实的数据介绍了贵州省火力发电的现状及其对贵州经济的贡献,分析了贵州省火力发电在促进贵州经济增长的同时产生的负外部性现状,并对其进行评述。总的看来,贵州省火力发电既有正外部性,也有负外部性,并且正外部性多于负外部性。在上述工作的基础上,本文分析了贵州省火力发电负外部性的形成机理,阐述了降低贵州省火力发电负外部性面临的困难,结合贵州实际,从企业内部和政府宏观管理层面提出降低火力发电负外部性的政策建议:通过引进新技术、加强环保建设、推动煤电联营、推进电力体制改革、大力发展循环经济、发挥财政税收杠杆作用,以及更新观念等途径,有效降低贵州省火力发电负外部性,以促进贵州经济实现可持续发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Externalities Theory is one of the most basic and important theories in Economics. Since 100 years ago, its intension and extension has been enriched. Today, Protect Environment, Harmonious Ecology and Sustainable Development get more and more attention. Research on Externalities Theory is comprehensive, and the application of Externality Theory has appeared in daily life.Thermal Power is one of the main pillar industries which drive the development of Guizhou Province’s Economy in 21^st Century. The fast development of Thermal Power accelerates the growth of the economic amount and increases the economic benefits. However, it also exacerbates shortage of resources, the environmental pollution and other negative influence.This article first describes the Pigouvian Taxes and Coase Theorem, and proposes the concept of Negative Externalities about thermal power basing on the properties of the negative externalities. Second, this article introduces the Thermal Power’s contribution for Guizhou Province Economy, analyzes and comments its negative influence. In overall view. Thermal Power has positive externalities and negative externalities for Guizhou Province. And the positive externalities is more than the negative externalities.Based on the above work, this article analyzes the forming mechanism of Guizhou Thermal Power’s Negative Externality, and the difficulties of decreasing the negative externality. Combining the fact, this article proposes a policy suggestion to decrease the negative externalities from enterprises and government: Introduce new technologies, strengthen the environmental protection construction gives, driving joint operation of coal mine enterprises and power plant enterprises, pushing electric power system reform, making great effort in development of Circular Economy, exploiting leverage effect of fiscal levy, and renewing ideas, it will be hopeful to decreale effectively decrease the negative externality of Guizhou Thermal Power, and promote Guizhou Province Economy’s sustainable development.更多还原