【作者】 黄志磊；

【导师】 杨利芳；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 艺术学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 声景的研究始于20世纪60年代后期,开始主要应用于音乐方面,后来逐渐应用到建筑设计、城市规划领域。声景理论从听者、环境、声音三个方面进行研究,是基于人的听觉感受并且考虑周围环境的一种声音的系统分析方法。随着工业产品的噪声问题越来越受到人们的重视,声景理论与设计开始逐渐应用到了工业产品的声音分析与设计方面。文章根据声景理论,主要研究吸尘器声景的三个组成因素,即:吸尘器噪声、人以及吸尘器的使用环境。根据文献和研究资料来研究吸尘器噪声的来源、特点,以及吸尘器的使用环境,并重点介绍人这一声景重要因素。分析人的听觉系统特点、以及年龄、性别等社会因子对人的听觉的影响。根据声景理论、心理学等知识,设计试验调查问卷。以3种具有市场代表性的吸尘器为研究对象,在模拟居室环境下采集声音样本。通过录音后播放完成了吸尘器声压级与烦恼度试验。通过Sound Forge9.0软件、Photoshop CS软件、ImageReady CS软件制作了其它4个试验所需要的素材。依次完成了吸尘器造型与听觉烦恼度、室内空间对听者的影响、环境明暗度对听觉舒适度的影响、Sound Forge9.0编辑后的声音样本效果验证这四个试验。利用Excel、SPSS软件对五个试验的试验数据进行分析研究,归纳吸尘器声景的主要影响因素与听觉烦恼度的关系。包括吸尘器造型对听觉烦恼度的影响,室内空间位置的不同对听者的影响、环境明暗度对听者听觉烦恼度的影响,对Sound Forge9.0编辑后的声音样本效果进行验证。最后,根据实验结果,绘出吸尘器声压级与烦恼度关系曲线,确定吸尘器烦恼度的声压级阈值。最后,从实际应用角度出发,利用Sound Forge9.0软件对吸尘器声音频谱进行分析与编辑,根据课题研究结果提出改良吸尘器声景的一系列措施。结合相关软件进行了吸尘器声景的虚拟场景仿真,为以后吸尘器的声景设计提供了一种较好的思路。更多还原

【Abstract】 The research on soundscape which started in the late 1960s was mainly used in music study, and gradually its application extended to the fields of architectural design and urban planning. The soundscape theory , being carried out from the aspects of user ,sound, environment ,is a systemafic analysis method of sound based on human,sound perception and environment factors into consideration. As attention is paid to the noise problem of industrial products increasingly, soundscape theory and soundscape designing find their application in sound analysis and design of industrial products.In this paper, with the soundscape theory, firstly we identify the factors that contribute to soundscape of vacuum cleaners ,and they are :vacuum clearer noise, user, and environment of the vacuum cleaner . Detailed analysis concerning them is then carried out, during the process, by consulting previous documents and studies, we introduce the sound of vacuum cleaners, and the related features and then summatize their the working environment and the related features, with special emphasis laid on the important soundscape factor of user. We also analyze the features of user auditory system, and the influence of such social factors as age, gender effcters on this system, as well as the as influence of vacuum cleaners on user.Secondly, questionnaires are designed in reference to soundscape theory, psychology and other related theories. Three kinds of representative vacuum cleaners are selected as the research subject. And then soundscape are collected in simulated living room. With replaying the recorded samples ,we finish tests concerning SPL with subjective annoyance. With the help of the softwares like SoundForge 9.0, Photoshop CS and the ImageReady CS, the other four experiment materials are obtained. Next, four experiments are conducted one by one respectively concerning the relationship between the modeling of vacuum cleaners and subjective annoyance, the influence of roomspace on user, the influence of the environment light on subjective annoyance as well as the effect of the soundscape which have been edified by SoundForge9.0.Thirdly, by Excel and SPSS, we analyze the data from the four experiments, and find the relation between the mian influencing factors of soundscape and auditory annoynce. Including the effects that the vacuum cleaner forms to hearing annoyance, the impact of that the indoor space location to the listener, the impact that the environment light to hearing annoyance, the effect of the sound samples that has been edited by Sound Forge9.0, and has made intended effect. Finally, based on the experimental results, we draw the curve reflecting the relationship between SPL and subjective annoyance, and identify SPL area of vacuum cleaner subjective annoyance. In the last part, from the perspective of pratical application, by SoundForge 9.0,we analyze and edit the sound spectrum of vacuum cleaners, and propose a series of measures to improve soundscape of vacuum cleaners.更多还原