【作者】 孙国强；

【导师】 崔乃刚；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 飞行器设计， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 临近空间飞行器能快速飞行在敌方战区上空且不易被防空监视系统发现,具有广阔的应用前景与军事价值,很多国家都在积极开展临近空间飞行器技术与应用研究。因此对临近空间飞行器拦截弹的研究也就显得尤为重要,有必要对临近空间飞行器及其拦截弹的一些弹道特性进行仿真研究。本文给出了国内外临近空间飞行器及其拦截弹的一些最新进展和研究方向。以“白杨-M”导弹作为典型的临近空间飞行器进行研究,在适当简化与假设的基础上,建立了目标导弹及其拦截弹的数学模型。考虑到目标的机动飞行,给出了目标做正弦机动和做螺旋机动两种机动弹道的生成方法。通过建立的数学模型对目标导弹进行了弹道特性分析,分别对其做无机动、正弦机动、螺旋机动进行了仿真研究。采用扩展卡尔曼滤波理论建立了目标弹道跟踪滤波模型,给出了目标跟踪误差曲线。对目标导弹采用高抛弹道进行拦截,通过对预测目标点、虚拟目标速度、虚拟目标初始位置的计算,给出了一种基于虚拟目标制导的中制导方法,产生了实际需要的高抛弹道。在上述工作的基础上,通过基于虚拟目标制导的方法,对目标导弹在无机动、正弦机动、螺旋机动三种情况下进行拦截仿真研究,分析了拦截导弹的弹道特性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Near Spacecraft can pass over the enemy’s airspace quickly, and avoid been found by air defense monitoring system, has broad application prospects and the military value, many countries has began the research on near spacecraft technology. So it’s important to have the research on the interception missile for the near spacecraft, it’s necessary to have a simulation research on the ballistic characteristics about the near spacecraft and the interception missile.This paper has showed some latest developments and research direction about the near spacecraft and the interception missile. Choose the typical near spacecraft White Poplar-M missile as the research object to research. Based on some appropriate simplify and hypothesis, build the math model about the target missile and the interception missile. Consider the maneuver flight of the target, showed the maneuver trajectory generation methods when the target make the sinusoidal maneuver and spiral maneuver. Analyze the ballistic characteristics of the target missile by building math model, make the simulation research on the without maneuver, the sinusoidal maneuver and the spiral maneuver target missile separately. Build the target trajectory tracking filter model with the Extend Kalman Filter (EKF) theory, observe the target tracking error with simulation. Intercept on the target missile with high parabolic ballistic trajectory, calculate the virtual target velocity, the virtual target initial position and the forecast target points, showed a middle guidance method based on the virtual target, gave a high parabolic ballistic trajectory to meet the actual needs. Based on these study, with the guidance method based on the virtual target, simulation research on the intercept to the target without maneuver, sinusoidal maneuver and spiral maneuver separately, analyze the ballistic characteristics about the interception missile更多还原