【作者】 刘满林；

【导师】 范志刚；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 光学工程， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 光纤扫描激光雷达是一种新式的扫描成像激光雷达,其扫描频率高、扫描点斑分布均匀、抗震能力强等优点受到了人们的关注,在军事和商用上都有广泛的应用前景。本文系统研究了光纤扫描激光雷达的相关理论和关键技术,并根据设计指标对光纤扫描激光雷达的几个关键部分提出了设计方案。本文首先对激光扫描光纤雷达的工作原理和系统结构进行了分析研究。讨论了光纤扫描激光雷达的关键部件——光纤扫描系统的扫描体制和设计方案。系统研究激光的大气传输特性和目标表面特性,并根据设计指标,确定了激光雷达系统各部分参数。光纤耦合效率是光纤扫描系统最重要的参数之一,也是整个光纤扫描激光雷达的核心指标。本文详细研究了激光器—光纤的耦合理论,并在其基础上设计了光纤耦合光学系统。用光学设计软件zemax对其光纤耦合效率和耦合容差进行了计算和分析。分析了光纤扫描激光雷达的发射/接收光学系统的特点,指出了光纤扫描激光雷达器发射/接收光学系统与传统激光雷达发射/接收光学系统的差异。计算了发射/接收光学系统的系统参数,根据计算结果对发射光学系统和接收光学系统进行了光学设计,用不同的评价指标对光学系统性能进行了分析。本文最后分析了几种主要的系统误差对系统性能的影响,并提出了扩大系统容差的方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 Fiber scanning laser radar is a new type of laser radar. It has received a great deal of attention lately both in the military and civilian information society because of its excellent characteristics: high scanning-frequency, Laser facula uniformly distributed, good aseismic capacity, ect. The related theory and critical technology of the fiber scanner laser radar have been discussed in detail in this dissertation. In paper, upon the design specifications, the scheme of the key components of the fiber scanner laser radar is also taken.Firstly, the operation principle and the system structure of the fiber scanner laser radar are discussed in general. The scheme of the key components of the fiber scanner laser radar-the scanning-systems is studied. The characteristic of laser transmission in atmospheric, and the target characteristics are systematically studied, and than the parameters are determined according to design requirements.The fiber coupling efficiency is one of the most important parameters of the scanning system, and also the key target of the fiber scanner laser radar. In the second part of the paper, the fiber coupling theory is studied in detail,and the proposes research project of fiber coupling optic system is explained. The coupling efficiency and coupling tolerance of the system are analyzed by using optical software ZEMAX.The characteristics of the emitting and receiving optical systems of the fiber scanner laser radar are analyzed in the third part of this paper. The emitting and receiving optical systems of the fiber scanner laser radar are different from other typical laser radars. The parameters of the emitting and receiving optical systems are calculated, and then the system are designed according to the parameters, the performances of optical system is analyzed with different evaluating standards.In the end, the influences of systematic error on system performance are analyzed. The methods to extend the system tolerance are proposed.更多还原