【作者】 王秀梅；

【导师】 王野牧；

【作者基本信息】 沈阳工业大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 航空发动机燃油喷嘴作为发动机的关键部件之一,其雾化特性直接影响燃油在燃烧室内的雾化、蒸发、掺混及燃烧过程,并决定燃料在燃烧空间内的分布状况。因此在投入使用前有必要对喷嘴的性能进行全面的检测与分析,而这就需要有专门对此进行检测的设备,该设备的工作性能、检测精度及检测效率等将直接影响发动机喷嘴的检测质量。单喷嘴流量试验器就是为专门检测喷嘴的喷雾特性而设计的非标设备。本文主要研究工作如下:(1)根据论文的研究内容,介绍了计算测控系统的特点、组成结构和研究现状;分析了发动机燃油喷嘴的发展和国内外研究现状。(2)详细阐述了燃油流量试验器的基本功能,搭建了试验器的软硬件结构;研究了测控系统的工作原理及实现方式,给出了测控系统结构流程图。(3)针对图像处理技术,分析了计算机数字图像处理的一般过程,研究了图像处理常用方法;画出了图像处理流程图,编写了图像识别与测控系统软件。(4)给出了喷嘴雾化锥角和喷嘴流量不均匀度的定义及检测方法,分析了喷嘴测试系统的压力流量特性。通过将测控系统与图像处理技术的有机结合,研究了不同温度、压力以及喷嘴周向转角条件下喷雾锥角和不均匀度特性,得出了不同条件下喷嘴的雾化特性变化曲线。通过对单喷嘴流量试验器测控系统的开发,分析了测控系统要求,构建了试验器测控系统的软硬件结构,完成了测控系统的软件开发,实现了发动机燃油喷嘴的流量特性测试,证明了流量试验器测控系统工作稳定,性能可靠。同时,根据试验结果得出了不同条件下喷嘴的喷雾锥角和不均匀度特性,并从多方面解释了影响喷嘴雾化特性的因素。更多还原

【Abstract】 Aero-engine fuel nozzle, as one of the key components of the engine, its atomization characteristics influences the fuel’s atomization, evaporation, mixing and combustion process in the combustion chamber directly, and decides to the distribution of the fuel in the combustion space. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive detection and analysis of the performance before the nozzle put into use, this requires a dedicated testing equipment for the nozzle performance. The working performance, detection accuracy and detection efficiency of this equipment will impact the detection quality of the engine nozzle directly. In order to test the nozzle spray characteristics specially, the non-standard equipment of the single nozzle flow tester is designed.The thesis main research and work as follows:(1) According to the research content for the thesis, depicts the characteristics, the compositions and the research status of the computer measurement and control system. Analyses the development of the engine fuel nozzle at home and abroad.(2) Described the basic functions of the fuel flow tester in detail, the hardware and software structure of the tester are built. The work principle and realize method of the measurement and control system is researched, the structure flowchart of the measurement and control system is given.(3) Contrary to the image processing technology, the general process of the computer digital image processing is analysed, researches the methods which are commonly used in the image processing. The image processing flowcharts is draw, the software of the image recognition and measurement and control system are written.(4) Gives the definition and detection methods of the spray cone angle and nozzle flow un-uniformity, analyses the pressure and flow characteristics of the nozzle test system. Through the organic combination of the measurement and control system and image processing technology, the spray cone angle and un-uniformity characteristics under the conditions of different temperature, pressure and nozzle rotational angle in circumference direction are studied, the spray nozzle atomization characteristic curves under different conditions are obtained.Through development of the single nozzle flow tester measurement and control system, the measurement and control system requirements are analysis, the hardware and software structure of the tester measurement and control system are built, the control system software development is completed. Test of the engine fuel nozzle’s flow characteristics is achieved, work stable and rerformance reliable of the flow tester measurement and control system are proofed. At the same time, according to the result of the experiment, the nozzle spray cone angle and un-uniformity characteristics under the different conditions are obtained, the factors which affecting nozzle spray characteristics are explained from many aspects.更多还原