【作者】 贾琦；

【导师】 苑玮琦；

【作者基本信息】 沈阳工业大学 ， 测试计量技术及仪器， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 疲劳驾驶是导致交通事故的一个主要原因,有资料显示:驾驶在疲劳状态下的事故发生率与正常状态下相比是呈非线性上升趋势。因疲劳驾驶而产生的问题己经引起世人的关注,国内外的研究人员根据疲劳时驾驶员身体和驾驶状态发生的一系列指标变化已经研究出一些检测方法和装置,取得一定的进展,但市场上尚无成功的产品应用于实际中。故如何积极研究出能适应汽车技术发展的驾驶员疲劳状况检测装置具有重要的意义。通过查阅国内外的文献,对目前已出现的疲劳驾驶检测方法有所了解。通过对比后,文中采用PERCLOS法作为该装置的检测方法,并在系统中加入近红外光源以满足应用环境的特殊性。利用人眼对近红外光的生理反应,采集前后瞳孔亮暗程度不同的两幅图像,通过差分处理,直接将目标区域定于人眼,避免了传统方法中找人脸定人眼的复杂过程。再经过顶帽变换、膨胀腐蚀等图像分析处理手段,结合人眼的几何特征找到眼睛区域,并在人眼区域内提取眼睛的特征参数,判断眼睛的睁闭状态,计算出PERCLOS值,由此判断驾驶员是否疲劳。文中,整个检测装置是在以TI公司TMS320DM6437为核心的开发平台上进行的。DSP控制近红外照明系统,使CMOS摄像机实时采集符合要求的图像,通过视频解码芯片TVP5146把该模拟图像数字化,并存储在外部同步动态存储器SDRAM中,一旦主处理器DM6437判断驾驶员处于疲劳状态,则驱动报警电路,完成疲劳检测。该装置按处理过程可以分为四个模块,分别是图像采集模块、人眼定位模块、特征参数提取模块、疲劳分析及报警模块。本文首先介绍了该装置的整体设计,然后具体介绍了各个模块的设计细节,程序的嵌入以及系统的整体调试。实验证明,整个系统的设计方案是可行的,研究的人眼定位和特征提取算法有较好的准确性。更多还原

【Abstract】 For a long time, fatigue drive is a main reason of traffic accidents, and some investigateions indicate that traffic accident frequency will increase out of proportion in fatigue state.The problem of fatigue driving has drawn worldwide people’s attention. Researchers at home and abroad have developed some detection methods and devices ,according to a series of indicators’changes about the body and the driving state when the car dirver is fatigue. So far, the reseachers have made some progresses, but there is no successful product used in practice on the market. In a word, to develop the fatigue detecting device which is adapt to the development of automobile technology is great significant.Through the domestic and foreign literatures, this author has learned the fatigue detections which have emerged until now. By contrast, this paper uses PERCLOS method as the device detection method, and the system is added near-infrared light to meet the special application environment.Using the physiological responses of human eye to the near-infrared light, the device collected the images that before and after ones which have different levels of bright and dark pupil.Through the differential treatment, the target region will be held directly on the human eye, avoiding the traditional methods that finding face first and then determining eyes, which is a complex process. After top-hat transformation, expansion, corrosion and other image processing tools, combining with the geometric characteristics of human eye, the system finds the eye region, and extracts the eyes’characteristic parameters, calculates PERCLOS value, thus to determines whether the car driver is fatigue.In this paper, the whole device is on the development platform which core is TI’s TMS320DM6437. DSP controls the near-infrared light, and CMOS camera real-time collects images. Through the video decoder chip TVP5146, the analog images changed into digital format and stored in SDRAM, once the main processor DM6437 determines the driver is fatigue, and then the alarm will ring, which is all of the whole fatigue testing. According to the process, the device can be divided into four modules including image acquisition module, the human eye positioning module, feature extraction module, fatigue analysis and alarm module.This paper first introduces the whole design of the equipment and presents the technological details of every module, program as well as the debug of the whole system. Experiments show that the system design is feasible, moreover the human eye positioning and feature extraction algorithms studied in this system have good accuracy.更多还原