节点文献
埋弧焊焊缝跟踪系统的设计与试验
Design and Test on Submerged Arc Welding Seam Self-tracking System
【作者】 江磊；
【导师】 张义顺；
【作者基本信息】 沈阳工业大学 ， 材料加工工程， 2009， 硕士
【摘要】 随着焊接自动化和智能化的不断发展,焊缝跟踪系统的应用显得越来越重要。焊接生产中工件的加工误差,焊接过程中的热变形、装卡具的不精确以及焊工疲劳等各种因素影响的存在,使焊缝的实时自动跟踪成为当今国内外十分重视的课题。本文采用CCD摄像头作为焊缝跟踪传感器,设计了以研华PCI-1711L板卡为控制核心的跟踪系统,对现有执行机构进行了重新设计,改善焊接小车的响应速度,文中还对埋弧焊图像处理算法进行了深入的探讨。本文采用的焊缝跟踪系统的原理是:通过CCD采集埋弧焊焊剂覆盖区的前端焊缝及指针图像,把图像信号通过同轴电缆传到图像采集卡上,在图像采集卡中进行必要的处理(如量化);然后通过工控机中VB编制的系统软件进一步分析图像、提取焊缝的位置,最后把焊缝位置信息实时传给研华PCI-1711L板卡,板卡控制两个步进电机带动焊枪运动,消除焊枪与焊缝的偏差,形成一个闭环的控制系统,达到埋弧焊焊缝跟踪的目的。在图像处理技术上,本文采用滤波程序来减少环境因素对程序的影响,效果颇佳,分别对在自然光、光源在上方、光源在一侧处理图像方法进行试验发现:自然光和光源在上方处理图像的方法已经失去了焊缝的信息,但光源在一侧的处理图像能准确的反应出焊缝的信息,所以光源在一侧的,阈值为90的图像跟踪的方法是最优的。
【Abstract】 With the development of welding automation and intellectualization, the application of welding seam tracking system appears more and more important. Because in the welding production there are kinds of influence factor, for example the mismachining tolerance and thermal distortion and inaccuracy chucking appliance, welding seam real-time automatic tracking takes seriously topic in domestic and foreign now. In this paper, there is CCD camera as a seam tracking sensors, designed to Yan Hua PCI-1711L as the core of the tracking system, I will redesign the existing implementing agencies to improve the response speed of welding carriage and the article also discussed SAW image processing algorithms in-depth.In this paper, the principle of the seam tracking system is: capturing Submerged Arc Flux collection in the area of coverage and the front seam indicator image by CCD, the image signals through coaxial cable reach image acquisition broad. Image acquisition board for some hardware in the preconditioning (such as quantification); Then we will use the VB system software in PC for further analysis of the image to find the welding seam and PC send the welding seam information into Yan Hua PCI-1711L in finally. PC further analyzes the images and extracts the position of the welding seam, and then gives the real-time welding information to Yan Hua PCI-1711L. Yan Hua PCI-1711L controlling system controlls two stepper motors to band the blowtorch moving, eliminates the deviation of the blowtorch and welding seam, makes up a closed-loop control system wholly in order to achive the goal about the submerged-arc welding seam tracking.In this paper, we use filtering procedures to reduce the impact of environmental factors on the process in the image processing technology and results quite well; Respectively, I ma dealing with images in natural light, the light source at the top and the light source at one side:the image of natural light and lighting at the top has been lost weld information, however, the light in one side of the image can be accurately reflect the seam of information, So the tracking method of slight source on one side and the threshold value of 90 image is optimal.