【作者】 梁爱平；

【导师】 辛耀；

【作者基本信息】 贵州财经学院 ， 金融学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 随着金融在我国社会经济中的地位日益突出,许多学者依托国外发展起来的金融发展理论及其方法对中国金融发展与经济增长作了大量的研究,得出了一些重要结论,但是对欠发达省(区)的研究相对较少。贵州省是一个欠发达的、交通不方便、资源却比较丰富的省,全省的金融发展状况主要是银行的发展状况,经济增长的资本积累也主要依靠银行；贵州省是内陆地区,改革开放过程较慢,新观念、新思想进来相应也较晚。此外,贵州省的工业经济主要是因为“三线建设”和资源开发而发展起来,主要依靠国有经济的推动。然而在改革开放早期的双轨制运行过程中,国有企业“权、责”不明确,效率低下：除了国务院确定重点联系的512家国家独资和控股的重点企业之外,大多数国有企业普遍较小、设备陈旧、技术水平低、产品老化、负债率高、亏损严重和市场竞争能力弱等,使得国有经济整体效益不好并致使国有资产大量闲置和社会财富大量浪费。而搞活这些经济效益较低的国有企业就需要注入大量的资金,但是我省地方财力薄弱,有限的资金难以支持众多国有企业的发展；另一方面非国有经济发展却很快,其效益也比较高。因此必须对一些经济效益不好的国有企业采取改组、联合、兼并、租凭和股份制、出售等多种形式进行改制和改革,对这些经济实体实行非国有化。但是目前非国有经济存在融资困境且有相关行业的准入限制：非国有经济基本上是靠自有基金发展起来的,在其发展初期投资规模尚小、产品技术含量低的情况下,靠自身积累还可以满足其需要。但是当它发展到一定程度后,现在的融资渠道和融资方式对非国有经济在扩大规模、升级产业、产品结构和增加投资项目等面临着融资方面的巨大难题。在贵州省这样一个资本市场不发达的地方,间接融资就非常重要,然而就是在这个方面,尽管省政府出台了相关政策鼓励信贷资金向非国有经济倾斜,但相对需求来说,这也只是杯水车薪。与此同时,我们在落实“非公经济36条”上迟迟不出台相应的实施细则,在一些投资大、收益高的行业,如金融、电信、电力、水利、交通等行业仍不能进入,使得非国有经济只能在趋于饱合、竞争激励、赢利空间小的传经工业和服务业领域中发展。基于上述情况本文首先分析了贵州省信贷总量与经济总量的关系：说明了在贵州省资本市场欠发达的情况下,商业银行的贷款对全省经济增长的重要性,但是银行贷款对不同经济部门的作用是不同的。同时也考察了固定资产投资与经济之间的关系,无论是国有经济还是非国有经济的发展,全社会固定资产投入都对其非常重要,这说明贵州省的经济增长主要是依靠投资拉动。其次分析了经济结构与银行信贷结构的关系：非国有经济的建筑业、工业,甚至非国有经济的投资与对应的信贷结构之间没有长期均衡关系；只有非国有有经济的第三产业与相应的信贷结构存在长期均衡关系。这从另一角度证明了目前贵州省非国有经济在第二产业中规模太小,可进入的领域太窄。同时也说明国有的金融中介机构存在严重的信用配给倾向,即绝大多数的银行贷款投向了国有经济,非国有经济不得不另辟途径来寻求融资,使得非国有经济不容易筹得大量资金进行大规模投资,得不到规模效应,只是在第三产业的餐饮、贸易和零售等行业中发展。第三是讨论了贵州省经济增长与非国有经济固定资产投资比例的关系,证明了加大它的比例对经济增长的重要性。同时也说明了在非国有经济投资高度内源化的情况下,加大商业银行对它的贷款的必要性。最后,提出了经济结构和金融结构调整的必要性和对策,只有通过对国有经济的优化、对非国有经济的支持来促使它们共同发展,使我省经济既实现量的增长,又实现质的提高,从而达到全省经济又好又快的增长和富黔兴民的目的。更多还原

【Abstract】 At present, finance is more and more important for our society, and many scholars rely on the overseas theory about finance and economy to reseach relationship between China’s financial development and economic growth, and draw some important conclusions, but lack of the study of underdeveloped provinces(regions).Guizhou province is a underdeveloped, inconvenient traffic,abandant resources. The economy of Guizhou is mainly driven by state-owned economy,even though its economic benefits is very low and non state-owned economy is developing with high-speed. For guizhou province,capital market is very small,and just 17 stock companies.So fanancing of both state-owned economy and non state-owned economy mainly rely on bank, However,compared to state-owned economy, non state-owned economy has less opportunity to get the fund from state-owned bank.Even the economic benefit with non state-owned company is much better than state-owned company.But state-owned bank just offes 90%credit for state-owned company,non state-owned company just get 10%credit.However,non state-owned company supplies more and more employment and revenue.Based on above reasons,we recuit and treat with revelant material.Occording to material,we set up model to discuss the relationship about total amount credit and economy,structure of credit and economy,effect of non state-owned company fixed assets investment for macroscopic economy.Bu way of model,we discover that lack of capital market in Guizhou,so the economy mainly depend on the credit of bank to improve the economy.Secondly, by way of Co integration Test,we get that the sttucture of credit of bank is not long equilibrium relationship with the structure of economy.Thirdly,fixed assets investment of non state-owned company has great importance to increase non state-owned economy and enhance the macroscopic economy. So the paper fucuses on these problems,and draws the opinion and policy for state-owned economy of low economic benefits, draws the opinion and policy for non state-owned economy,and changes the structure of finance for offering more financial support for non state-owned economy.更多还原