【作者】 戴兴国；

【导师】 高从堦； 陈欢林；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 化学工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 为了能有效处理含有机小分子物质的工业废水,防止其对环境造成破坏,本文通过选择不同结构的二胺单体,考察界面聚合中油水相介质和单体配比、聚合反应时间、后处理温度等工艺条件对纳滤膜性能的影响,制备出适用于有机小分子水溶液脱盐和浓缩的纳滤膜。同时,以实际染料工业废水为原料,制备出适合处理该废水体系的纳滤膜,并考察料液组成、料液pH、操作温度、操作压力等因素对废水处理效果的影响,确定染料废水纳滤过程的最佳工艺条件。通过对不同结构二胺单体的考察,结果表明,哌嗪作为界面聚合反应单体时所制备的纳滤膜对有机小分子的分离性能较好。同时,在制膜工艺条件如下:水相中哌嗪浓度为0.43%(w/v);有机相中均苯三甲酰氯浓度为0.15%(w/v);反应时间为60s;后处理温度为50.0℃时,所制备的复合纳滤膜对对苯二甲酸的截留率大于97%,对氯化钠的截留率小于39%,该纳滤膜适用于有机小分子水溶液的脱盐和浓缩。在对染料废水进行纳滤处理时,纳滤膜以PSf-1聚砜膜作为支撑膜,在有机相中均苯三甲酰氯浓度和水相中哌嗪浓度分别为0.1%和0.15%的条件下制备而成。当料液组成为T酸浓度3.0g/L,硫酸铵浓度25.0g/L的染料废水在操作温度为25.0℃,操作压力为1.5MPa和废水pH为5.0的条件下进行纳滤实验时,纳滤膜的渗透通量超过22L/m~2h,膜对T酸的截留率大于92%,同时膜对硫酸铵的截留率小于40%。这一结果满足染料废水纳滤处理的工艺要求。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to dispose the industrial effluents containing light molecular organic compounds more efficiently,nanofiltration(NF) polyamide composite membrane was prepared by interfacial polymerization on polysulfone(PSf) membrane.Different diamines were chosen as polymerization monomer and the effects of membrane preparation conditions such as monomers concentration in aqueous phase and organic phase,interfacial polymerization reaction time,temperature of heat treatment on the separation performance of composite membrane were also investigated.Meanwhile, based on the suitable NF membrane prepared for real dye industry wastewater treatment,the influences of feed composition,feed pH,temperature and operation pressure on dye wastewater NF process were studied.Finally,NF membrane stability and fouling in the continuous treatment process of dye wastewater were also evaluate&During NF membrane preparation,piperazine(PIP) and trimesoyl chloride(TMC) were chosen as reaction monomers in interfacial polymerization.As the concentration of PIP in aqueous phase was 0.43%(w/v),concentration of TMC in organic phase was 0.15%(w/v),reaction time was 60s,and temperature of heat treatment was 50.0℃,the performance of prepared NF membrane was best.The terephthalic acid(PTA) rejection of this membrane was higher than 97%and NaCl rejection of this membrane was less than 39%.This NF membrane was suitable for desalination of light molecular organics aqueous solutions.As the real dye wastewater was treated by NF process,the NF membrane was prepared on PSf-1 supported layer with 0.15%(w/v) PIP in aqueous phase and 0.1%(w/v) TMC in organic phase.The results showed that the concentration of salt and T acid,pH,temperature and operating pressure had a significant influence on the membrane separation performance.When the dye wastewater contained 3.0g/L T acid and 25.0g/L ammonium sulfate,feed pH was 5.0,operation temperature was 25.0℃and operation pressure was 1.5MPa,the permeate flux of NF membrane was more than 22 L/m~2h,the rejection of T acid was over 92.0%and the rejection of salt was less than 40.0%.These results could meet the requirements of NF process on dye wastewater treatment.更多还原