【作者】 孙杰龙；

【导师】 贺建华； 张达军；

【作者基本信息】 湖南农业大学 ， 养殖， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 试验选择体重约55kg左右的杜长大三元(DLY)生长猪240头作为试验动物,随机分配到6处理中,每个处理4个重复,每一栏作为1个重复,每个重复10头试猪,研究了不同日粮(添加菜籽粕日粮和棉籽粕日粮)中不同植酸酶添加水平(0、500、1000U/kg)对生长猪生产性能及养分消化率的影响。试验结果表明:(1)在菜籽粕日粮或棉籽粕日粮中添加植酸酶明显改善了生长猪的生产性能。在菜籽粕日粮中添加500、1000U/kg的植酸酶,平均日采食量分别提高了2.99%、4.27%(P＜0.05),平均日增重分别提高了6.62%、7.30%(P＜0.01),料肉比下降了3.48%、2.85%(P＜0.05)。但在菜籽粕日粮中添加500U/kg的植酸酶与添加1000U/kg相比,平均日增重、平均日采食量、料肉比均要略低,但差异均不显著(P＞0.05)。在棉籽粕日粮中添加500、1000U/kg植酸酶,平均日增重分别提高9.81%、13.92%(P＜0.01),料肉比下降了3.16%、6.65%(P＜0.05),但采食量差异不显著(P＞0.05)。但在棉籽粕日粮中添加1000U/kg的植酸酶与添加500U/kg相比,平均日增重提高了1.60%(P＜0.05),料肉比降低了3.72%(P＜0.05),但平均日采食量差异均不显著(P＞0.05)。(2)在菜籽粕或棉籽粕日粮中添加植酸酶不同程度改善了干物质、粗蛋白、钙磷等养分的表观消化率。在菜籽粕日粮中添加500、1000U/kg的植酸酶,干物质表观消化率分别提高了2.34%、2.53%(P＞0.05),粗蛋白的表观消化率分别提高了0.54%(P＞0.05)、4.95%(P＜0.05),钙的表观消化率分别提高了23.14%、27.44%(P＜0.01),磷的表观消化率分别提高了30.43%、45.11%(P＜0.01),总能的表观消化率差异不显著(P＞0.05)。在菜籽粕日粮中添加1000U/kg的植酸酶与添加500U/kg相比,粗蛋白与磷的表观消化率分别提高了4.39%(P＜0.05)、11.26%(P＜0.01)。在棉籽粕日粮中添加500、1000U/kg的植酸酶,干物质表观消化率分别提高了1.16%、1.64%(P＞0.05),粗蛋白的表观消化率分别提高了0.18%(P＞0.05)、4.87%(P＜0.05),钙的表观消化率分别提高了23.93%、29.97%(P＜0.01),磷的表观消化率分别提高了29.33%、38.81%(P＜0.01),总能的表观消化率差异不显著(P＞0.05)。但在棉籽粕日粮中添加1000U/kg的植酸酶与添加500U/kg相比,粗蛋白与磷的表观消化率分别提高了4.68%(P＜0.05)、7.33%(P＜0.01)。(3)菜籽粕、棉籽粕日粮中添加植酸酶明显降低粪便中氮、磷的排泄量。在菜籽粕日粮中添加1000U/kg的植酸酶与添加0、500U/kg的植酸酶,粪中氮的排泄量分别下降了18.59%、18.90%(P＜0.01),磷的排泄量分别下降了49.74%、25.07%(P＜0.01)。而在菜粕日粮中添加500U/kg的植酸酶,粪中的磷排泄量降低32.93%(P＜0.01)。在棉籽粕日粮中添加1000U/kg的植酸酶与添加0、500U/kg的植酸酶,粪中氮的排泄量分别下降了22.41%(P＜0.01),磷的排泄量分别下降了44.22%、17.36%(P＜0.01)。而在棉粕日粮中添加500U/kg的植酸酶,粪中的磷排泄量降低32.51%(P＜0.01)。综上所述,在菜籽粕日粮或棉籽粕日粮中添加植酸酶,显著提高了日粮中氮、磷、钙的表观消化率;同时显著降低了粪便中的氮、磷的排泄量。添加植酸酶显著改善了菜籽粕与棉籽粕在生长猪日粮申的应用效果。更多还原

【Abstract】 This experiment was used to investigate the effect of phytase added to rapeseed meal diet and cottonseed meal diet on performance and nutrients digestibility of growing pigs. Two hundreds and forty DLY (Duroc×Landrance×Yorkshire) crossbred growing pigs were assigned to 6 treatments, and every treatment had 4 replicates, every replicate contained 10 pigs. And the initial average weight of the pigs was about 55 kg. There were two kinds of diets (rapeseed meal diets and cottonseed meal diets), and three levels (0、500、1000U/kg) of phytase were added to two difference diets.The experiment results as follow:(1) The growth performance of growing pigs significantly improved by added phytase to rapeseed meal or cottonseed meal diet. Added 500、1000U/kg phytase to rapeseed meal diet, increased the AFDI by2.99%, 4.27% (P<0.05), respectively; ADG improved 6.62%、7.30% (P<0.01); decreased F/G by 3.48%, 2.85% (P<0.05). Added 500U/kg phytase to rapeseed meal diets than adding 1000U/kg phytase, decreased the AFDI、ADG and F/G, but there had no significantly differences.Added 500, 1000U/kg phytase to cottonseed meal diet, ADG improved 9.81%, 13.92% (P<0.01); decreased F/G by 3.16%、6.65% (P<0.05), but added phytase to cottonseed meal diets had no effects on AFDI. Added 1000U/kg phytase to cottonseed meal diets than adding 500U/kg phytase, ADG improved 1.60% (P<0.05), F/G decreased by 3.27% (P<0.05), but there had no significantly differences of ADFI.(2) Added phytase to rapeseed meal or cottonseed meal diet, improved the apparently digestibility of DM、CP、Ca and P more or less. Added 500、1000U/kg phytase to rapeseed meal diet, apparently digestibility of DM improved 2.34%, 2.53%(P>0.05), respectively; apparently digestibility of CP improved 0.54%、4.95%; apparently digestibility of Ca improved 23.14%, 27.44% (P<0.01); apparently digestibility of P improved 30.43%、45.11% (P<0.01). And there had no significantly differences of apparently digestibility of GE. Added 1000U/kg phytase to rapeseed meal diets than adding 500U/kg phytase, apparently digestibility of CP and P improved 4.39% and 11.26%(P>0.05), respectively.Added 500、1000U/kg phytase to cottonseed meal diet, apparently digestibility of DM improved 1.16%、1.6%(P>04.05), respectively; apparently digestibility of CP improved 0.18%、4.87%; apparently digestibility of Ca improved 23.93%、29.97% (P<0.01); apparently digestibility of P improved 29.33%、38.81% (P<0.01). And there had no significantly differences of apparently digestibility of GE. Added 1000U/kg phytase to rapeseed meal diets than adding 500U/kg phytase, apparently digestibility of CP and P improved 4.68% and 7.33%(P<0.05), respectively.(3) Added phytase to rapeseed meal or cottonseed meal diet, significantly decreased the excretion of N、P in feces. Added 1000U/kg phytase to rapeseed meal diets than adding 0 or 500U/kg phytase, the excretion of N in the feces decreased by 18.59%、18.90% (P<0.01); the excretion of P in the feces decreased by 49.74%、25.07% (P<0.01), respectively. Added 500U/kg phytase to rapeseed meal diets, the excretion of P in feces decreased by 32.93% (P<0.01).Added 1000U/kg phytase to cottonseed meal diets than adding 0 or 500U/kg phytase, the excretion of N in the feces decreased by 22.41% (P<0.01), respectively; the excretion of P in the feces decreased by 44.22%、17.36% (P<0.01), respectively. Added 500U/kg phytase to cottonseed meal diets, the excretion of P in feces decreased by 32.51% (P<0.01).In conclusion, phytase greatly improved the apparent digestibility of CP、Ca、P in diet with rapeseed meal or cottonseed meal, and the phytase greatly decreased the excretion of N、P in feces. Also phytase increased the nutrition value of rapeseed meal and cottonseed meal in the ration of growing pigs, and improved the production performance of growing pigs fed the diet with rapeseed meal or cottonseed meal.更多还原