【作者】 刘荣；

【导师】 齐绍武； 朱茂祥；

【作者基本信息】 湖南农业大学 ， 烟草科学与工程技术， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 卷烟烟气是极其复杂的混合物,而烟气中的有害成分又是导致吸烟危害健康的根本原因。近年来,对卷烟烟气有害成分的危害性评价越来越受到重视,细胞毒性试验和遗传毒性试验作为有害物质危害性评价的重要手段被广泛应用。本研究以卷烟烟气中的五种重要有害成分:4-甲基亚硝基-1-（3-吡啶基）-1-丁酮（NNK）、氨气（NH₃）、苯并（a）芘（B[a]P）、苯酚（Phenol）和巴豆醛（Crotonaldehyde）为材料,对其单一物质和两两交互情况下的细胞毒性和遗传毒性进行了评价。本论文的主要研究内容与结果如下:1、NNK,NH₃,B[a]P,Phenol,Crotonaldehyde以单一物质存在时,随物质浓度的增大细胞的存活率均出现下降,表现出剂量依赖趋势。半数致死浓度差异较大,表现出不同的细胞毒性,依次为:B[a]P＞Crotonaldehyde＞Phenol＞NNK＞NH₃。2、B[a]P和Crotonaldehyde联合作用的细胞毒性最大,半数致死剂量(LC₅₀)为1.1mg/L,NH₃和Phenol联合作用的细胞毒性最小。采用效应图解法分析五种有害物质两两联合作用细胞后的情况,结果效应点均在效应区的下方,表示五种有害物质两两联合后对细胞的毒性均表现出协同作用。3、NNK,NH₃,B[a]P,Phenol,Crotonaldehyde以1/10 LC₅₀、1/5 LC₅₀、LC₅₀三个剂量作用细胞,在流式细胞仪上检测后得:随着浓度的升高,细胞微核率呈现上升趋势,表现剂量依赖趋势。五种物质微核率依次表现为:Phenol＞Crotonaldehyde＞NNK＞NH₃＞B[a]P。4、NNK和B[a]P联合后的微核率为最低,遗传毒性最小。与NNK联合的其余三个组合（NNK+NH₃,NNK+Crotonaldehyde,NNK+Phenol）所产生的细胞微核率在这五种有害物质联合作用的十个组合中是最小的三个组合。更多还原

【Abstract】 Cigarettes smoke is extremely complex mixture. Harmful components of cigarettes smoke is the root cause hazardous for health. Recently, the evaluation of harmful components of cigarettes smoke are more and more regarded The tests of Cytotoxicity and Genetic toxicity of detriments’ evaluation as important means are widely used. This research using five kinds of important detriments in Cigarettes Smoke: NNK, NH₃, B[a]P, Phenol, Crotonaldehyde for material ,which were evaluated by test of Cytotoxicity and Genetic toxicity under the single and the mixture of two of those detriments. The results were as follows:1. When NNK, NH₃, B[a]P, Phenol, Crotonaldehyde as single material exposed cells, The Cell survival was declining and showed dose-dependent trend by the dosage of those detriments increasing. The LC50 of five detriments are different. The performance of cytotoxicity is B[a]P> Crotonaldehyde > Phenol >NNK >NH₃.2. The cytotoxicity of the mixture of B[a]P and Crotonaldehyde is the highest-level, the LC50 is 1.1mg/L .But, The cytotoxicity of the mixture of NH₃ and Phenol is the lowest-level. The effect points of the mixture of two of those five detriments are under the effect district by isobolograms. It’s showed that the effect of each two of those five detriments is synergy3. NNK, NH₃, B[a]P, Phenol, Crotonaldehyde each detriment using 1/10 LC₅₀,1/5 LC₅₀, LC50 three doses exposed cell. The results of Flow Cytometry showed that: By the dosage of detriments increasing, the Cell Micronucleus Rate is increasing and show dose-dependent. The performance of these five detriments are Phenol > Crotonaldehyde >NNK >NH₃> B[a]P.4. The Cell micronucleus rate of NNK and B[a]P is the lowest-level and the Genetic toxicity is least. NNK jointly with the remaining three combinations produced by the cells of the micronucleus rate in the combined effects in these five detriments about ten portfolios is the three smallest.更多还原