【作者】 钟磊；

【导师】 俞镇慌； 王洪；

【作者基本信息】 东华大学 ， 纺织材料与纺织品设计， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究是利用有机溶剂法制备超吸水性聚丙烯腈纤维,让腈纶丝在含碱的有机溶剂中水解,再经交联处理制成具有交联结构的超吸水纤维,此纤维具有较强吸水、保水能力、无刺激性且有一定强力,可通过热粘合法制成非织造材料。本研究还借助傅里叶红外(FTIR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等测试方法对改性后纤维的化学结构、表面形态、大分子聚集态结构及力学性能等进行了分析和讨论,同时也对其非织造材料进行了力学性能、吸收渗透性能以及其非织造材料的应用前景进行了研究和分析。研究表明,在有机溶剂与无离子水的混合液中,水在混合液中的重量百分比为10%、碱液在混合液中的重量百分含量为10%、腈纶纤维在混合液中的重量百分浓度为5%,水解温度为85℃,时间为3小时,水解后的纤维经过酸中和后交联,交联剂控制在纤维重量的0.03%,反应时间控制在1h,交联后纤维在70-80℃条件下干燥,所得纤维吸水、保水、强力等综合性能最佳。通过对水解反应中的三大影响因素研究分析,发现碱浓度,温度,水解时间对纤维的水解影响具有一定的等效性,即较低浓度长时间水解与较高浓度短时间水解下所得产物吸水率比较接近。研究发现,超吸水纤维可与其他纤维按一定比例共混,经梳理、成网、加固、分切等工艺制成吸水性非织造材料,其中纤维配比、成网工艺、加固工艺对非织造材料的强力、吸收、渗透性能均有影响;当ES含量在配比达到30%以上,可满足纤网强力;交叉成网后纤网叠合位置有明显的分层现象,但可通过线速度、加热温度、加热时间改善;加固温度在一定的范围内上升可以改善粘结效果,增强纤网强力;随着SAF纤维配比增加,滑渗量逐渐减小,回渗量增加;采用交叉成网的非织造材料吸水量比单层纤网的吸水量增加,滑渗、回渗量减少。根据不同的配比制成非织造材料的吸水倍率为10～150不等,材料强度、吸水、保水性能可满足不同工作条件需要,可广泛应用于医疗、卫生护理、园艺及产业用织品等领域内,尤其在离子交换类材料、电线/电缆包覆材料及卫生材料吸收芯层三个方面。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this study, the Super-absorbent polyacrylonitrile fiber are prepared in the organic solvents ; allow polyacrylonitrile yarn in alkaline hydrolysis of organic solvents, then by cross-linking treatment,This fiber has a strong water-absorbent, water-retention capacity and non-irritating and has a certain strength, nonwovens with Super-absorbent-fiber were Prepared by Thermal Bonding.Studies have shown that mixture with isopropyl alcohol and water, When water was control-ed to be 10% in the mixed organic solvents, alkali was controlled to be 0.1 wt% in the mixed organic solvent, acrylic fiber was controlled to be 5wt% in the mixed organic solvents, hydrolysis temperature was about 85°C for 3 hours, after crosslinking treatment in the solution containing high-priced metal ions, the reaction time was controlled at 1h, Crosslinker was controlled to be 0.03% of fiber weight, drying at 80℃, The fiber showed good performance during this procedure research on the three factors in the Hydrolysis reaction, we found that concentration, temperature and time have a certain amount of equivalent effect.The study found that The absorbent non-woven materials can be made of the super-absorbent fibers and a certain percentage of normal-fiber through blending、neting、reinforcement and cut process, properties, water absorption depending on the ratio of super-absorbent fibers, material capability can be required to meet the different working conditions, can be widely used in the field of medical, health care, horticulture and industrial fabrics etc; the characteristic of such materials is simple-technics, low-cost, non-polluting, biodegradable.In addition, The influences of the crosslinking conditions and hydrolyzing Processes on the chemical structure of the fiber, the surface structure of the fiber, assembling state of the moleculars in the fiber and the mechanic Properties of the fiber were also discussed using FTIR, SEM etc; mechanical properties, water absorption capability、the infiltration capability of its absorbent non-woven materials also be researched and analysis.The range of the Water Absorbency from the non-woven material which was made depending on the different ratio is 10～150. The strength of the material、Absorbent and Retention capability may content the requests of different working conditions,they can be used in the areas of medical, health care、gardening and industrial textiles etc. Especially in the three areas of Ion-exchangetype of material、Wire /cable coating materials, Absorbing core layer of health material.更多还原