【作者】 张瑞光；

【导师】 秦华礼；

【作者基本信息】 东北大学 ， 安全技术及工程， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 金属矿藏开采是工业原材料生产的基础工业,在整个国民经济发展中占有重要地位。矿井通风系统是保证金属矿藏地下开采高效生产的重要环节,也是矿山工人职业健康的基础保障。地表矿藏资源日益枯竭,矿藏采掘向纵深发展的趋势越来越明显,受围岩散热、自然风压、井筒空气自压缩散热等因素的影响,井下工作环境变得更加复杂。随着矿山开采年限的增长,桓仁铅锌矿出现了通风系统效率低、能耗高、井下工作面风量不足等问题,很难保证矿山的安全生产。为了保障矿山的可持续发展,确保目前和未来10多年间井下采矿作业能够安全高效的进行,需对现有通风系统进行优化。首先综述了现价段我国部分金属矿山通风系统普遍存在的问题、优化设计模式、多级机站通风系统在我国的应用现状及其优缺点。根据桓仁矿山的实际生产管理,设计矿井通风系统优化模型,应用矿井通风网路理论研究优化模型的合理性。研究工作主要有以下几个方面:计算桓仁铅锌矿井下生产总需风量及矿井通风阻力,研究矿山通风系统的阻力分布特点。分析影响井下采掘工作面温度变化的主要因素,研究采掘工作面的通风降温。根据矿山气候变化特点,研究矿井自然风压变化规律及特点。应用多级机站通风系统理论,设计桓仁铅锌矿通风系统优化模型。应用通风网路理论分析优化模型核心网路的拓扑关系,运用拟牛顿法进行网路分风研究,迭代解算出网路近似风量的真实值,评价优化模型的分风效果。在优化模型的核心网路中,改变不同风路的风阻时,根据通风网路性质计算网路中风量的变化,研究风路的稳定程度及可靠度,综合分析优化模型核心网路的稳定性和可靠性。更多还原

【Abstract】 The exploitation of the metal mine is a basic industry of the industrial raw materials’ production, it plays a very important role in the development of the national economy. Mine ventilation system takes a very important part in guaranteeing the exploitation of metal mines high efficient and the occupational health of the miners. The mineral resources at the earth’s surface is increasingly exhausted, the tendency of mining exploitation developing in depth have been more and more obvious. Because of the heat transfer of the surrounding rocks, natural ventilation pressure, heat dissipation of the mineshaft air compression ect, the working environment underground will become more and more complicated.With the mine service life increasing, Huanren Lead-Zinc Mine had the problems of ventilation low efficiency, high energy consumption, the deficiency of air volume at mining face ect, the mine ventilation system could not ensure the mine safe production. For purpose of the Huanren Mine’s sustainable development, we need to modify the existing ventilation system to ensure the mine can produce safely and efficiently at present and the future ten years.At first, this thesis summarizes the ubiquity problems of metal mines, the models of optimization, the application status of multrstage-station ventilation system, and the advantages and disadvantages of the multrstage-station ventilation system. According to the actual production management of Huanren Lead-Zinc Mine, designs the ventilation system optimization model, uses mines ventilation network theory to evaluate the rationality of model. The research in this paper is mainly in the following aspects.We study the mining required airflow and ventilation resistance of Huanren Lead-Zinc Mine, study the distribution characteristic of the mine resistance, analysis the main influencing factors of mining and driving face’s temperature, and research the decreasing temperature by ventilation. Based on the climate change of Huanren Mine, we study the change law and characteristics of the natural ventilation pressure, and make use of the multrstage-station ventilation system to design the optimization model.Study the optimization model’s networks topological relations by use of ventilation networks theory, resolve networks splitting using Quasi-Newton method to obtain the true value of approximate splitting, and evaluate the ventilation effect of optimization model.Give some changes to the main ventilation networks of optimization model, calculate the ventilation volume changes of the circuits according to ventilation networks’ properties, study the stability and reliability of the ventilation circuits, and analysis the stability and reliability of the optimization model’s key ventilation networks comprehensive.更多还原