【作者】 张培铭；

【导师】 张镭；

【作者基本信息】 东北大学 ， 机械制造及其自动化， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 数控技术的不断革新和应用,推动了数控人才的需求,传统的培养模式存在弊端,为了更经济更好地培养数控技术人员,本文研制了一套适合数控初级教育的X-Y工作台实验教学型数控仿真系统。系统结构简单、模块清晰、组建操作容易、适于高等学校和高职院校作为机电一体化课程设计和数控技术实验教学。系统由PC机、单片机控制板、步进电机驱动器和X-Y工作台组成,本文对单片机控制板和步进电机驱动器进行了模块化设计、制作和实验调试,并基于微软公司的VisualBasic 6.0面向对象的编程软件开发了适用于X-Y工作台的数控仿真操作系统,完成了适用于本系统的通信技术、插补技术、步进电机控制技术、NC代码编译技术和系统抗干扰技术的研究。系统设计结合了PC机适用于大规模程序计算和单片机适用于现场控制的优点,采用PC机与单片机联机运行的工作方式,两者通过RS-232串行通信接口进行数据的传送和接收。PC机用于系统的插补运算、数据处理和二维仿真,并在PC机上组建了NC代码仿真、点位控制、手动控制等控制模块。单片机用于响应PC机的各种控制命令,对步进电机驱动器发出命令,驱动步进电机运行。数控仿真操作系统采用模块化设计理念,操作者可以根据需求添加相应的软硬件功能模块来扩展系统性能。系统成功实现了X-Y工作台运行数据实时采集和二维仿真,操作者可以方便地了解X-Y工作台的运行状态和实现精确定位。系统经过综合调试,确定了系统的运行参数,构建了适用于本系统的NC代码和编译方法。系统能够适应NC代码的二维图形仿真运行,已形成教学实验环境,为学生提供了一个良好的模拟操作环境,可以丰富机电一体化技术和数控技术课程教学内容,提高课程教学效果,对于数控教学和培训具有明显的实用价值。本文分成8章完成。第1章为绪论部分,阐述课题产生的背景和意义;第2章介绍系统的总体结构;第3章介绍系统硬件电路搭建过程;第4章探讨系统步进电机的控制策略和方法;第5章对系统组建中的若干技术问题进行研究和探讨;第6章介绍工作台操作系统的设计和功能;第7章介绍系统的搭建和调试;第8章为总结与展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 The innovation and application of CNC technology lead to the rapid demand of NC talent. For the traditional training model exists defects, The thesis developed a set of experimental teaching CNC simulation system base on X-Y table, which is suitable to primary education, in order to train CNC technicians more economically. The system is suitable to universities and vocational colleges’ students to carry on mechatronics curriculum design and CNC technology teaching experiment, for the system is simple, modular, and is easy to create.The system is consists of PC, single-chip control board, stepping motor driver and X-Y table. The thesis has finished the design, production and experimental testing of the single-chip control board and stepping motor driver. The thesis has developed the operating system of X-Y table base on Microsoft’s Visual Basic 6.0, which is a object-oriented programming software. The thesis has also finished the study of communication technology, interpolation technology, stepping motor control technology, NC code compiler technology and anti-interference technology of the system.The system runs in the online way of PC and single-chip, which combined the advantages of PC and single-chip, for PC is usually used to large-scale application and single-chip is usually used to field control .The PC and single-chip send and receive data through serial communication interface RS-232. PC is used to interpolation operator, data processing and two-dimensional simulation.The thesis has established the control system of NC code simulation, manual control and position control base on PC. The single-chip is used to accept the control signal from PC and send control signals to stepping motor driver to drive stepping motor’s running.The CNC simulation system is designed by using the concept of modular design. Operators can easy to expanse the system function by adding some software and hardware modules on demand. The system has successfully realized the real-time data acquisition and two-dimensional simulation of the X-Y table and operators can easily understand the running state of X-Y table to realize precise control of position. The thesis have finished the integrated debugging and parameter settings of system, and established the compiled method of NC code which is suitable to the system. The system is applied to NC code’s two-dimensional graphics simulation, and has formed the experimental teaching environment. It provides a good simulation environment to operators. It can enrich the mechatronics technology and CNC technology curriculum teaching and improve the teaching effectiveness. It has obviously practical value for the teaching and training of CNC technology.The thesis is divided into 8 chapters. Chapter 1 introduces the background and significance of this thesis; chapter 2 introduces the overall composition of the system; chapter 3 introduces the design process of the hardware circuit of the system; chapter 4 explores the strategies and methods to control stepping motor; chapter 5 discuss a number of technical issues of the system; chapter 6 introduces the design and functions of the operating system of X-Y table; chapter 7 introduces the way to build and debug the system; chapter 8 is summary and forecast.更多还原